Top 230 Profit and Loss Questions for Competitive Exams [100%

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Profit and loss questions are pivotal in understanding how the mechanics of business operate. Let’s break it down: If you sell a product for more than its original purchase price, you make a profit. On the contrary, if you sell it for less than what you spent on it, you incur a loss. Now, wouldn’t it be wonderful to have all your profit and loss questions in Hindi or in any other language you prefer? This is precisely where profit and loss aptitude questions come in handy, assisting learners in grasping these fundamental concepts.

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Moreover, as a bonus for our readers, here are some key formulas that come in handy when tackling profit and loss questions:

  1. Profit = Selling Price – Cost Price
  2. Loss = Cost Price – Selling Price
  3. Profit % = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100%
  4. Loss% = (Loss / Cost Price) × 100%
  5. Selling Price = [(100 + Profit%)/100] × Cost Price
  6. Cost Price = [100/(100 + Profit%)] × Selling Price
  7. Selling Price = [(100 – Loss%)/100] × Cost Price
  8. Cost Price = [100/(100 – Loss%)] × Selling Price
  9. Discount = Marked Price – Selling Price

In conclusion, whether you’re diving deep into profit and loss questions with solutions, looking for profit and loss aptitude questions, or even if your focus is primarily on profit and loss questions in Hindi or profit and loss questions in Hindi PDF, this guide aims to be your trusted companion on this journey.

Top 230 Profit and Loss Questions

11. The market price of an article is Rs. 640. A trader earns 20% profit when he sells it at a discount of 40% on its market price. The cost price of the article is:

एक वस्तु का बाजार मूल्य 640 रुपए है। एक व्यापारी 20% लाभ अर्जित करता है जब वह उस वस्तु के बाजार मूल्य पर 40% की छूट देता है। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य क्या है:


Option”B” is correct

SP = (100 – 40)/100 × 640

⇒ SP = 60/100 × 640

⇒ SP = 6 × 64

⇒ SP = 384

Now profit % is 20%

20% = 1/5

⇒ Profit% = (1 + 5)/5

⇒ Profit% = 6/5,

where 6 is SP and 5 is CP,

Now comparing,

6 = 384

⇒ 1 = 384/6

⇒ 1 = 64

5 = 5 × 64

⇒ 5 = 320

∴ The cost price of an article is Rs. 320

12. By selling an article for Rs 600, a shopkeeper makes a profit of 20%. At what price should he sell the article to incur a loss of 20% ?

एक दुकानदार एक वस्तु को 600 रुपये में बेचने पर 20% का लाभ अर्जित करता है। 20% की हानि वहन करने के लिए उसे वस्तु को किस मूल्य पर बेचना चाहिए?


Option”B” is correct

Formula Used 

Cost price = selling price/(100 + profit%) × 100 

Selling price = cost price/100 × (100 – loss%)

Calculation 

Cost price = (600/120) × 100 = Rs 500 

Selling price = (500/100) × 80 = Rs 400

∴ The selling price of an article at 20% loss is Rs 400 

13. A shopkeeper suffers a loss of 10% if he sells an article for Rs.6,750. What should be the selling price so that he earns a 10% profit?

एक दुकानदार को एक वस्तु को 6,750 रुपये में बेचने पर 10% की हानि होती है। विक्रय मूल्य क्या होना चाहिए जिससे वह 10% का लाभ अर्जित करे?


Option”B” is correct

Loss = CP – SP

Loss % = (CP – SP)/CP × 100

Profit % = (SP – CP)/CP × 100

Calculation:

⇒ 10 = (CP – 6750)/CP × 100

⇒ CP = 7500

Cost price of an article = Rs.7500

Then,

⇒ 10 = (SP – 7500)/7500 × 100

⇒ SP = 8250

∴ Selling price would be Rs.8250 when profit % is 10%.

14. An article marked at Rs.560 is sold at 20% discount. If there is a profit of 40%, then what is the cost price (in Rs) of the article?

560 रुपये पर अंकित एक वस्तु को 20% छूट पर बेचा जाता है। यदि 40% का लाभ होता है, तो वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य (रुपये में) क्या है ज्ञात कीजिए?


Option”A” is correct

Marked price of an article = Rs.560

Discount percentage = 20%

Profit percentage = 40%

Formula:

Selling price = Marked price × (100 – discount %)/100

Profit % = (SP – CP)/CP × 100

Calculation:

Selling price = 560 × (100 – 20)/100 = Rs.448

Then,

⇒ 40 = (448 – CP)/CP × 100

⇒ CP = 320

∴ Cost price of an article is Rs.320.

15. Malti bought a TV for Rs. 8,800 including GST at 10%. What is the original cost of the TV ?

मालती ने एक टीवी 10% पर जीएसटी सहित 8,800 रुपये में खरीदा। टीवी का मूल क्रय मूल्य क्या है?


Option”B” is correct

Selling price = (cost price/100 + p%) × 100

Calculation 

⇒ Let the cost price of TV is x

⇒ (x/100) × 110 = 8800 

⇒ x = 8,000

∴ The original cost of the TV is Rs 8000

16. An article was bought for Rs. 400 and a repairing charge of Rs. 50 was paid on it. It is sold at a profit of 20%, after a discount of 10% on its marked price. The marked price is:

एक वस्तु 400 रुपए में खरीदी गई थी। और मरम्मत के लिए इस पर 50 रुपए का भुगतान किया गया था। इसके अंकित मूल्य पर 10% की छूट के बाद इसे 20% के लाभ पर बेचा जाता है। तो इसका अंकित मूल्य क्या होगा?


Option”D” is correct

(i) SP = CP × (100 + Profit%)/100

(ii) SP = MP × (100 – Discount%)/100

Where,

CP = Cost price

SP = Selling price

Calculation:

Total cost price = 400 + 50 = Rs. 450

SP = CP × (100 + Profit%)/100

SP = 450 × (100 + 20)/100

⇒ SP = Rs. 540

SP = MP × (100 – Discount%)/100

⇒ 540 = MP × (100 – 10)/100

⇒ MP = Rs. 600

∴ The marked price is Rs. 600.

17. 1 bar of chocolate costs Rs. 80 but a box containing 6 bars of the same chocolate costs Rs. 400. What is the effective discount (in %) on the box?

1 चॉकलेट बार का मूल्य 80 रुपये है लेकिन वही चॉकलेट के 6 बार वाले एक बॉक्स का मूल्य 400 रुपये हैं। बॉक्स पर प्रभावी छूट (% में) क्या है?


Option”B” is correct

Cost of 1 bar of chocolate is Rs 80 

After discount price of 6 bars is Rs 400 

Formula used :

Discount percent = [(marked price – selling price)/marked price] × 100

Calculations :

Cost of 6 chocolate bars = 6 × 80 = 480 rupees   (cost of 1 bar is 80 rupees)

Cost of 6 chocolate bars after discount = 400 rupees 

Effective discount  = 480 – 400 = 80 rupees 

Effective discount percent = (80/480) × 100 

⇒ 100/6 = 16.67

∴ effective discount is 16.67%  

18. A vendor marked the price of an item 25% above the cost price. If he offers a discount of 15% on the marked price, then what is his gain/loss percentage?

एक विक्रेता ने क्रय मूल्य से 25% अधिक एक वस्तु के मूल्य को अंकित किया। यदि वह अंकित मूल्य पर 15% की छूट प्रदान करता है, तो उसका लाभ/हानि प्रतिशत क्या है?


Option”A” is correct

The marked price of an item = 25% above the cost price

Discount offer = 15%

Formula used:

The marked price = the cost price × (100 + above percentage)/100

The selling price = the markup price × (100 – discount percentage)/100

Profit = The selling price – the cost price

The percentage profit = (profit/cost price) × 100 

Calculation:

Let the cost price be Rs. x

The marked price = x × (100 + 25)/100

⇒ x × 125/100

⇒ Rs. 1.25x

The selling price = 1.25x × (100 – 15)/100

⇒ 1.25x × 85/100

⇒ 1.25x × 0.85

⇒ Rs. 1.0625x

We can see, the selling price is greater than the cost price

So, Vendor earns, profit = 1.0625x – x

⇒ Rs. 0.625x

Percentage profit = (0.625x/x) × 100

⇒ 6.25%

∴ His percentage gain is 6.25%

19. A dozen pairs of gloves worth Rs.600 are available at a discount of 10%. Find out how many pairs of gloves can be bought for Rs.270.

600 रुपये के एक दर्जन जोड़ी दस्ताने 10% की छूट पर उपलब्ध हैं। ज्ञात कीजिये कि 270 रुपये में कितने जोड़ी दस्ताने खरीदे जा सकते हैं।


Option”B” is correct

Selling price = Marked price (100 – D%)/100

Calculation:

Marked price of 12 pair of gloves = Rs. 600

Selling price of 12 pairs of gloves after discount

⇒ 600(100 – 10)/100

⇒ Rs. 540

If cost price of of 12 pair is Rs. 540 = (12 × 270)/540

⇒ 6 pairs

∴ 6 pair of gloves can be bought for Rs. 270.

20. The marked price of a book is Rs.900. What is the selling price of the book after giving two successive discounts each of 10% on it?

एक पुस्तक का अंकित मूल्य 900 रुपये है। उस पर प्रत्येक 10% की दो उत्तरोत्तर छूट देने के बाद पुस्तक का विक्रय मूल्य क्या है?


Option”A” is correct

MP of a book is Rs.900.

⇒ Net discount = 10 + 10 – (10 × 10)/100

⇒ 19%

⇒ MP(1 – D/100) = SP

⇒ MP(1 – 19//100) = SP

⇒ MP × 81/100 = SP

⇒ SP = MP × 81 / 100

⇒ SP = 900 × 81 / 100

∴ Selling Price of book is Rs.729