RRB ALP — Set 18

Q: Which instrument is used to measure blood pressure in humans?

Sphygmomanometer. A sphygmomanometer is the medical device used to measure arterial blood pressure. It consists of an inflatable cuff and a measuring unit. Normal blood pressure for a healthy adult is typically 120/80 mmHg.

Q: Who was the main founder of the Banaras Hindu University?

Madan Mohan Malviya. Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya founded the Banaras Hindu University in 1916. He was a great educationist and a prominent leader of the Indian independence movement. He was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2014.

Q: Which planet is commonly referred to as the 'Earth's Twin'?

Venus. Venus is called Earth's twin because of its similar size, mass, and proximity to the Sun. It is the hottest planet in our solar system due to a thick atmosphere. Venus is also the brightest natural object in the night sky after the Moon.

Q: The 'Gayatri Mantra' is found in which of the following Vedas?

Rigveda. The Gayatri Mantra is a highly revered chant from the Rigveda, the oldest Veda. It is dedicated to Savitr, a solar deity representing the Sun. The Rigveda consists of 1,028 hymns organized into ten books called Mandalas.

Q: Who served as the first Chief Justice of independent India?

H.J. Kania. Hiralal Jekisundas Kania was the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India. He assumed office in 1950 when the Constitution of India came into effect. He died while in office in 1951.

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Which instrument is used to measure blood pressure in humans?

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Correct Answer: A. Sphygmomanometer

A sphygmomanometer is the medical device used to measure arterial blood pressure. It consists of an inflatable cuff and a measuring unit. Normal blood pressure for a healthy adult is typically 120/80 mmHg.

Who was the main founder of the Banaras Hindu University?

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Correct Answer: B. Madan Mohan Malviya

Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya founded the Banaras Hindu University in 1916. He was a great educationist and a prominent leader of the Indian independence movement. He was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2014.

Which planet is commonly referred to as the 'Earth's Twin'?

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Correct Answer: C. Venus

Venus is called Earth's twin because of its similar size, mass, and proximity to the Sun. It is the hottest planet in our solar system due to a thick atmosphere. Venus is also the brightest natural object in the night sky after the Moon.

The 'Gayatri Mantra' is found in which of the following Vedas?

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Correct Answer: D. Rigveda

The Gayatri Mantra is a highly revered chant from the Rigveda, the oldest Veda. It is dedicated to Savitr, a solar deity representing the Sun. The Rigveda consists of 1,028 hymns organized into ten books called Mandalas.

Who served as the first Chief Justice of independent India?

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Correct Answer: A. H.J. Kania

Hiralal Jekisundas Kania was the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India. He assumed office in 1950 when the Constitution of India came into effect. He died while in office in 1951.

What is the S.I. unit of electric current?

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Correct Answer: B. Ampere

The Ampere is the base S.I. unit used to measure the flow of electric current. It is named after the French physicist and mathematician André-Marie Ampère. One ampere is equal to a flow of one coulomb of charge per second.

Which city in India is widely known as the 'Pink City'?

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Correct Answer: C. Jaipur

Jaipur is known as the Pink City because of the distinct color of its historic buildings. It was painted pink in 1876 to welcome the Prince of Wales. The city was founded by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II in 1727.

Who was the 24th and last Tirthankara of Jainism?

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Correct Answer: D. Mahavira

Lord Mahavira was the final Tirthankara who revived and reorganized the Jain religion. He was born in the 6th century BCE in present-day Bihar. His teachings focused on non-violence, truth, and spiritual liberation.

Which gas is the most abundant in the Earth's atmosphere?

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Correct Answer: A. Nitrogen

Nitrogen makes up approximately 78% of the Earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a colorless and odorless gas essential for the synthesis of proteins in living organisms. Oxygen is the second most abundant gas, making up about 21%.

In which year did the First World War begin?

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Correct Answer: B. 1914

The First World War began in 1914 following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. It lasted for four years and ended with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. This global conflict involved most of the world's great powers.

Which mountain range acts as a natural boundary between India and China?

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Correct Answer: C. Himalayas

The Himalayas form a massive natural barrier between the Indian subcontinent and the Tibetan Plateau. They contain some of the world's highest peaks, including Mount Everest. The range stretches across five countries: India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, and Pakistan.

Who is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha?

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Correct Answer: D. Vice-President

The Vice-President of India serves as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. This role is defined by Article 64 of the Indian Constitution. In this capacity, the Vice-President presides over the proceedings of the Upper House.

Which pigment is responsible for the green color in plant leaves?

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Correct Answer: A. Chlorophyll

Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that is essential for the process of photosynthesis. It absorbs light energy, primarily from the blue and red portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. This pigment is located within specialized organelles called chloroplasts.

Which of the following cities is the capital of France?

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Correct Answer: B. Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France, located on the banks of the Seine River. It is a major global center for art, fashion, gastronomy, and culture. The city is home to iconic landmarks like the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre Museum.

Which Indian state is popularly known as the 'Sugar Bowl of India'?

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Correct Answer: C. Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh is the leading producer of sugarcane in India, earning it this nickname. The state has a large number of sugar mills and favorable soil for cultivation. It contributes significantly to the national sugar production every year.

Who was the first Indian to win an individual Olympic Gold medal?

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Correct Answer: D. Abhinav Bindra

Abhinav Bindra won India's first individual Olympic gold medal in the 10m Air Rifle event. He achieved this historic milestone during the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Before him, India had only won gold medals in team sports like field hockey.

Which vitamin is naturally synthesized by the human skin in sunlight?

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Correct Answer: A. Vitamin D

Vitamin D is produced by the skin when it is exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) rays from sunlight. It is crucial for maintaining bone health by helping the body absorb calcium. A severe deficiency of Vitamin D can lead to rickets in children.

Who was the first woman President of the Indian National Congress?

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Correct Answer: B. Annie Besant

Annie Besant was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress in the 1917 Calcutta session. She was a British socialist and a strong supporter of Indian self-rule. Sarojini Naidu later became the first Indian woman to hold this position in 1925.

Which river is often called the 'Sorrow of Bihar' due to frequent floods?

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Correct Answer: C. Kosi

The Kosi River is known as the 'Sorrow of Bihar' because it frequently changes its course and causes devastating floods. It is a transboundary river that flows through Tibet, Nepal, and India. The heavy silt load carried by the river contributes to its unstable nature.

What is the retirement age for a judge of the Supreme Court of India?

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Correct Answer: D. 65 years

A Supreme Court judge in India holds office until they reach the age of 65 years. This retirement age is specified in the Constitution of India. In contrast, High Court judges in India retire at the age of 62.

Which metal remains in a liquid state at room temperature?

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Correct Answer: A. Mercury

Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at standard room temperature and pressure. It has a very low freezing point and is commonly used in thermometers and barometers. It is also known by the name 'quicksilver' due to its appearance.

Who is the author of the ancient Indian political treatise 'Arthashastra'?

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Correct Answer: B. Chanakya

Chanakya, also known as Kautilya, wrote the Arthashastra on statecraft, economic policy, and military strategy. He was the chief advisor to the first Mauryan Emperor, Chandragupta Maurya. The text is considered a foundational work in Indian political thought.

Which continent is historically known as the 'Dark Continent'?

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Correct Answer: C. Africa

Africa was referred to as the Dark Continent because its interior remained largely unexplored by Europeans for a long time. The term was popularized by explorers in the 19th century. Today, it is recognized for its immense cultural and biological diversity.

How many chambers are there in a normal human heart?

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Correct Answer: D. 4

A healthy human heart consists of 4 chambers: two upper chambers called atria (singular: atrium) and two lower chambers called ventricles. The 4-chambered structure enables the heart to separately pump oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. The right side of the 4-chambered heart receives deoxygenated blood and sends it to the lungs, while the left side pumps oxygenated blood to the body. This 4-chamber design is a feature of all mammals and birds.

Who gave the famous slogan 'Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it'?

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Correct Answer: A. Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Bal Gangadhar Tilak used this slogan to advocate for self-rule during the Indian independence movement. He was one of the first and strongest advocates of 'Swaraj' or self-rule. He was also known by the title 'Lokmanya', which means accepted by the people.

Which planet in our solar system has the highest number of moons?

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Correct Answer: B. Saturn

Saturn currently holds the record for the most moons in the solar system, with over 140 discovered so far. Titan is the largest moon of Saturn and the second-largest in the solar system. Jupiter is a close second with 95 confirmed moons.

In which state is the 'Kanha National Park' situated?

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Correct Answer: C. Madhya Pradesh

Kanha National Park is the largest national park in the state of Madhya Pradesh. It is a dedicated tiger reserve and is famous for its population of Royal Bengal Tigers. The park also provides a habitat for the rare Barasingha or swamp deer.

Who has the authority to appoint the Governor of a state in India?

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Correct Answer: D. President

The Governor of a state is appointed by the President of India for a term of five years. The Governor acts as the constitutional head of the state and the representative of the Center. This appointment is made under Article 155 of the Indian Constitution.

What is the biological scientific name for human beings?

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Correct Answer: A. Homo sapiens

Homo sapiens is the binomial nomenclature used to identify modern humans. The term is derived from Latin and translates to 'wise man'. This classification was first introduced by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century.

In which year did the British announce the Partition of Bengal?

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Correct Answer: B. 1905

The Partition of Bengal was announced in 1905 by Lord Curzon, then the Viceroy of India. It was officially carried out to improve administrative efficiency but was seen as a divide-and-rule tactic. The partition was eventually revoked in 1911 due to intense protests.

Which is the smallest continent in terms of total land area?

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Correct Answer: C. Australia

Australia is the world's smallest continent and its sixth-largest country by total area. It is entirely surrounded by the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is often referred to as an 'island continent' due to its unique geographical position.

Which Part of the Indian Constitution lists the Fundamental Rights of citizens?

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Correct Answer: D. Part III

Part III of the Indian Constitution contains Articles 12 to 35, which define the Fundamental Rights. These rights are often called the 'Magna Carta' of India because they protect civil liberties. They are enforceable by the courts to prevent state overreach.

What is the chemical name of Vitamin B1?

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Correct Answer: A. Thiamine

Thiamine is the chemical name for Vitamin B1, which is essential for energy metabolism. It helps the body convert carbohydrates into energy and supports nerve function. A deficiency of thiamine can lead to a condition known as Beriberi.

Who was the founder of the Mamluk or Slave Dynasty in India?

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Correct Answer: B. Qutubuddin Aibak

Qutubuddin Aibak founded the Slave Dynasty in 1206 after the death of Muhammad Ghori. He was a former slave who rose to become a powerful general and the first Sultan of Delhi. He also started the construction of the famous Qutub Minar in Delhi.

Which of the following is the largest coastal lagoon or lake in India?

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Correct Answer: C. Vembanad Lake

Vembanad Lake in Kerala is the longest lake in India and the largest in the state. It is famous for hosting the annual Nehru Trophy Boat Race. Chilika Lake is the largest brackish water lagoon, while Vembanad is the largest overall in terms of area.

The historic 'Dandi March' was officially started from which location?

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Correct Answer: D. Sabarmati Ashram

Mahatma Gandhi started the Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram on 12 March 1930. The 24-day march was a non-violent protest against the British salt monopoly. It concluded at the coastal village of Dandi where Gandhi illegally manufactured salt.

Which cell organelle is commonly known as the 'Powerhouse of the cell'?

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Correct Answer: A. Mitochondria

Mitochondria are called the powerhouse of the cell because they generate most of the chemical energy needed by the cell. This energy is produced in the form of a molecule called Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). They are found in almost all eukaryotic cells.

Who was considered the political mentor or guru of Mahatma Gandhi?

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Correct Answer: B. Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Gopal Krishna Gokhale was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress and Gandhi's political mentor. He advised Gandhi to travel across India to understand the needs of the common people. Gandhi regarded him as a source of great inspiration and guidance.

Which Indian state is the leading producer of Jute?

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Correct Answer: C. West Bengal

West Bengal is the largest producer of jute in India, accounting for a major share of the national output. The fertile plains of the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta provide ideal conditions for jute cultivation. Jute is often referred to as the 'Golden Fiber' due to its color and value.

What is the maximum tenure of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India?

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Correct Answer: D. 6 years

The CAG of India is appointed for a term of six years or until they attain the age of 65, whichever is earlier. The CAG is responsible for auditing all receipts and expenditures of the Government of India. This office is established under Article 148 of the Constitution.