SSC CGL — Set 10

Correct Answer: B. Humayun

Sher Shah Suri defeated Humayun in the Battle of Chausa, forcing him to flee from India. This victory allowed Sher Shah to establish the Suri Empire with its capital at Delhi. Humayun eventually regained the throne fifteen years later with Persian assistance.

Correct Answer: C. Appendix

The vermiform appendix is considered a vestigial organ as it has lost its original ancestral function. In humans, it is a small tube-like structure attached to the large intestine. Many scientists believe it once helped in the digestion of cellulose from plant-based diets.

Correct Answer: B. 44th Amendment

The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 converted the Right to Property into a legal right under Article 300A. This change was made to facilitate land reforms and equitable distribution of resources in the country. It is no longer protected under Part III of the Indian Constitution.

Correct Answer: D. Aravalli Range

The Aravalli Range is one of the oldest fold mountain systems in the world, dating back to the Proterozoic era. It stretches across northwestern India, primarily through Rajasthan and ending near Delhi. Over millions of years, weather erosion has reduced these mountains to residual hills.

Correct Answer: B. Refraction

Refraction occurs because light changes its speed when entering a medium with a different optical density. This effect is why a straw appears bent when partially submerged in a glass of water. The degree of bending depends on the refractive index of the materials involved.

Correct Answer: B. Thomas Munro

Thomas Munro introduced the Ryotwari system in the Madras Presidency to deal directly with individual farmers. Under this system, the cultivators were recognized as the owners of the land as long as they paid revenue. It aimed to eliminate middlemen like Zamindars to increase state revenue collections.

Correct Answer: D. Myanmar

Myanmar is not a member of SAARC, although it holds an observer status in the regional group. SAARC was established in 1985 to promote economic and regional integration in South Asia. The current eight members include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.

Correct Answer: B. Oxygen

Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up nearly 46.6 percent of its total mass. It primarily exists in combination with other elements as oxides and silicates within rocks. Silicon is the second most abundant element, forming a major part of the crustal structure.

Correct Answer: B. Selling at a lower price than production cost

Dumping happens when a country exports goods at a price lower than the price it charges in its own home market. This practice is often used to gain an unfair market share by driving out local competitors. International trade bodies allow governments to impose anti-dumping duties to protect domestic industries.

Correct Answer: A. Dadabhai Naoroji

Dadabhai Naoroji was elected to the British Parliament in 1892 as a member of the Liberal Party. Known as the 'Grand Old Man of India', he famously formulated the 'Drain of Wealth' theory. He used his platform in London to highlight the economic exploitation of India under British rule.

Correct Answer: B. Cerebellum

The cerebellum is located at the back of the skull and coordinates voluntary muscle movements. It ensures smooth physical activity by maintaining equilibrium and motor control during movement. Damage to this area can result in a loss of coordination and tremors.

Correct Answer: C. Buddhism

The Eight-fold Path was taught by Gautama Buddha as a means to end suffering and achieve Nirvana. It includes practices like right view, right intention, right speech, and right mindfulness. This path serves as the practical guide for ethical conduct and mental development in Buddhism.

Correct Answer: C. Gujarat

Gujarat has a coastline of about 1,600 km, which is the longest among all Indian coastal states. It is bordered by the Arabian Sea and features major ports like Kandla and Mundra. Andhra Pradesh has the second-longest coastline on the eastern side of the country.

Correct Answer: B. Sodium Bicarbonate

Sodium Bicarbonate is the chemical name for baking soda, which is commonly used in cooking and cleaning. It reacts with acids to release carbon dioxide gas, which helps bread and cakes to rise. Its chemical formula is NaHCO3 and it is also used as an antacid.

Correct Answer: C. 73rd Amendment

The 73rd Amendment Act of 1992 added Part IX to the Constitution to provide a three-tier system of local self-government. It mandated regular elections and reservation of seats for women and marginalized communities in rural areas. This amendment brought uniform local governance across all Indian states.

Correct Answer: B. Gulbadan Begum

Gulbadan Begum was the sister of Humayun and wrote the account at the request of her nephew, Akbar. The book provides detailed insights into the domestic life and struggles of the early Mughal court. It is one of the few historical accounts written by a woman during that era.

Correct Answer: B. Doppler Effect

The Doppler Effect explains why the pitch of a siren sounds higher as it approaches and lower as it moves away. This principle is widely used in astronomy to determine whether stars are moving toward or away from Earth. It applies to both sound waves and electromagnetic radiation.

Correct Answer: C. Liver

The liver is the largest internal organ and gland, performing over 500 essential biological functions. It plays a critical role in detoxification, protein synthesis, and the production of bile for digestion. It has the unique ability to regenerate its own tissue even after significant damage.

Correct Answer: C. San Francisco

Lala Hardayal and Sohan Singh Bhakna founded the Ghadar Party in San Francisco to overthrow British rule in India. The party published a weekly paper called 'Ghadar' in various Indian languages to spread revolutionary ideas. Its members were primarily Indian immigrants living in the United States and Canada.

Correct Answer: C. Tropic of Cancer

The Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N) passes through eight Indian states, including Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh. It divides the country into two nearly equal latitudinal halves, affecting the local climate and seasons. India lies entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere.

Correct Answer: D. Oxygen

Oxygen is produced as a byproduct when plants use sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose. This process is essential for maintaining the oxygen levels in the Earth's atmosphere for aerobic life. It primarily takes place in the chloroplasts found in green leaves.

Correct Answer: A. Centre-State Relations

The Sarkaria Commission was established in 1983 to examine the power balance between the Central and State governments. It recommended changes to improve cooperation while maintaining the unity and integrity of India. Many of its suggestions focused on the role of the Governor and the use of Article 356.

Correct Answer: B. Horticulture and Honey

The Golden Revolution took place between 1991 and 2003, focusing on a massive increase in fruit and honey production. Nirpakh Tutej is considered the father of this revolution in the Indian context. It significantly boosted the economic condition of farmers involved in specialized agriculture.

Correct Answer: C. Rabindranath Tagore

Rabindranath Tagore won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 for his collection of poems called 'Gitanjali'. He was the first non-European to be awarded this prestigious international honor. He is also famous for composing the national anthems of both India and Bangladesh.

Correct Answer: D. Methane

Methane accounts for about 70 to 90 percent of the total volume of natural gas found in Earth's deposits. It is a clean-burning fossil fuel used widely for heating, cooking, and generating electricity. It is also a potent greenhouse gas if released directly into the atmosphere.

Correct Answer: B. Partition of Bengal

The Swadeshi Movement began in 1905 to protest Lord Curzon's decision to partition Bengal along communal lines. It encouraged the use of Indian-made goods and the boycott of British clothes and institutions. This movement marked the beginning of modern mass-based nationalist politics in India.

Correct Answer: D. Vitamin D

Vitamin D is produced in the skin through a chemical reaction triggered by exposure to ultraviolet-B radiation. It is crucial for calcium absorption and maintaining healthy bone density and immune function. A deficiency can lead to bone-related diseases like rickets in children.

Correct Answer: B. 5 years

The correct answer is '5 years', indicating that the specific statements or options mentioned are true. This type of question requires careful analysis of each statement. Regular practice of such multiple-correct-statement questions improves accuracy in competitive exams.

Correct Answer: A. Dehradun

The Indian Institute of Petroleum is a premier research laboratory situated in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. It operates under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) to develop energy-related technologies. The institute focuses on petroleum refining, natural gas, and petrochemical products.

Correct Answer: B. International Court of Justice

The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations located in the Netherlands. It settles legal disputes submitted by states and gives advisory opinions on legal questions from the UN. It is composed of 15 judges elected for nine-year terms.

Correct Answer: A. Lactometer

A lactometer works on the principle of Archimedes to determine the specific gravity and density of milk. It helps in detecting whether water has been added to the milk by measuring its relative density. It is a simple and widely used tool in the dairy industry for quality checks.

Correct Answer: B. Hockey

The Aga Khan Cup is a prestigious national-level tournament in India dedicated to field hockey. It has been held in Mumbai since its inception in 1896 to promote the sport in the country. Hockey is a major sport in India with a rich history of Olympic success.

Correct Answer: B. Akbar

Akbar was ruling India when the East India Company received its Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I in London. However, it was during Jahangir's reign that the British first arrived at the Mughal court to seek trade rights. Sir Thomas Roe visited Jahangir's court in 1615 as an ambassador.

Correct Answer: C. 7

Pure water has a pH value of 7, which makes it chemically neutral. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with values below 7 indicating acidity and above 7 indicating alkalinity. A pH of 7 means equal concentrations of hydrogen (H⁺) and hydroxide (OH⁻) ions. Pure water's neutral pH of 7 makes it an important reference point on the pH scale.

Correct Answer: B. Saturn

Saturn is currently recognized as the planet with the most moons in our solar system, exceeding 140 satellites. Jupiter follows closely as the second planet with the largest moon collection. These numbers frequently change as advanced telescopes detect smaller objects orbiting these gas giants.

Correct Answer: C. Jammu and Kashmir

Wular Lake is situated in the Bandipora district of Jammu and Kashmir and is fed by the Jhelum river. It is a major tectonic lake that acts as a natural reservoir for the region's water management. The lake is also an important habitat for fish and various species of migratory birds.

Correct Answer: B. Article 39A

Article 39A was added by the 42nd Amendment Act to ensure that justice is not denied to any citizen due to poverty. It mandates the state to provide free legal aid to the poor and weaker sections of society. This article is a Directive Principle aimed at promoting a fair legal system.

Correct Answer: B. Dry Ice

Solid Carbon Dioxide is known as dry ice because it transitions directly from a solid to a gas without melting. This process is called sublimation and occurs at very low temperatures. It is widely used as a cooling agent for transporting perishable goods and in stage effects.

Correct Answer: B. Swami Vivekananda

Swami Vivekananda founded the mission to spread the teachings of his guru, Ramakrishna Paramahansa. The organization focuses on social service, education, and spiritual development across the globe. Its headquarters is located at Belur Math in West Bengal near the Hooghly river.

Correct Answer: C. Carbon Dioxide

Carbon Dioxide is the most significant greenhouse gas contributing to global warming due to the burning of fossil fuels. While other gases like methane are more potent, CO2 is emitted in much larger quantities. It remains in the atmosphere for a very long time, affecting the climate for centuries.