Indo-Islamic Architecture — Set 2
Arts & Culture · भारत-इस्लामी स्थापत्य · Questions 11–20 of 50
Which style of Indo-Islamic architecture is the 'Atala Masjid' of Jaunpur associated with?
Correct Answer: D. Provincial Style
The Atala Masjid belongs to the Sharqi style, which is a significant provincial variant of Indo-Islamic architecture. It is noted for its high ornate pylons and absence of traditional minarets. Many regional styles developed unique identities distinct from the Delhi Sultanate.
The 'Qutub Minar' was started by Qutub-ud-din Aibak, but who completed the four-story structure?
Correct Answer: D. Iltutmish
Iltutmish added three more stories to the base started by Aibak to complete the minar. Later, Firoz Shah Tughlaq repaired and added a fifth story after it was damaged by lightning. It served both as a victory tower and a place for the muezzin's call.
Which Mughal emperor is known as the 'Prince of Builders' for his massive contribution to architecture?
Correct Answer: B. Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan's reign is considered the golden age of Mughal architecture due to the construction of the Taj Mahal and Red Fort. He shifted the primary building material from red sandstone to fine white marble. His designs emphasized symmetry and extreme delicacy in ornamentation.
The 'Charminar' in Hyderabad was built to commemorate the end of which event?
Correct Answer: B. A plague epidemic
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah built the Charminar in 1591 to mark the end of a devastating plague in the city. The four minarets symbolize the four caliphs of Islam according to historical interpretations. It is situated at the intersection of historical trade routes in Hyderabad.
Which architectural element refers to the semi-circular niche in the wall of a mosque indicating the direction of Mecca?
Correct Answer: B. Mihrab
The Mihrab is a crucial element in mosque architecture used for orientation during prayer. It is usually elaborately decorated with tiles, calligraphy, or carvings. It ensures that the congregation faces the Qibla (Mecca).
The 'Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra' in Ajmer was originally converted from which type of structure?
Correct Answer: C. A Jain/Sanskrit College
Qutub-ud-din Aibak converted a Sanskrit college and temple into this mosque in Ajmer. It is one of the oldest surviving examples of Indo-Islamic architecture in India. The name refers to a legend that it was constructed in two and a half days.
The 'Hoshang Shah's Tomb' in Mandu is significant because it is India's first structure made entirely of?
Correct Answer: B. White Marble
Hoshang Shah's Tomb is the first building in India constructed completely with white marble. Its architecture inspired later Mughal builders, including those who designed the Taj Mahal. The tomb is part of the extensive Indo-Islamic ruins in Mandu, Madhya Pradesh.
Which monument features the use of the 'Double Dome' for the first time under the Lodi dynasty?
Correct Answer: C. Sikandar Lodi's Tomb
Sikandar Lodi's Tomb introduced the double dome technique to maintain the height of the exterior while keeping the interior ceiling lower. This technique became a standard feature in later Mughal architecture. The tomb is located within the Lodi Gardens in New Delhi.
The 'Pancha Mahal' in Fatehpur Sikri is a five-story structure modeled after which tradition?
Correct Answer: D. Buddhist Viharas
Pancha Mahal is an open columnar structure that resembles the plan of early Buddhist monasteries. It was likely used as a place of relaxation and for enjoying the evening breeze. The structure decreases in size as it goes up, creating a tiered effect.
In Indo-Islamic terminology, what is a 'Sahn'?
Correct Answer: C. A courtyard
The Sahn is the open courtyard of a mosque where the community gathers for communal prayer. It usually contains a fountain or tank for performing wudu (ablution). This open space is a central feature of almost all major Indian mosques.