State Government
Bihar GK · राज्य सरकार
📋Quick Overview
Bihar has a bicameral legislature — Vidhan Sabha (243 seats, lower house) and Vidhan Parishad (75 seats, upper house). Bihar sends 40 members to Lok Sabha (3rd highest) and 16 to Rajya Sabha. The state has a Governor, Chief Minister, and Council of Ministers. Patna High Court (est. 1916) is one of India's oldest High Courts.
⭐
Bihar's Vidhan Parishad (Legislative Council) with 75 seats is the 2nd largest in India after Uttar Pradesh's (100 seats). Bihar was among the first states to have a Legislative Council after independence.
📖Bihar Legislature — Key Facts
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Type of Legislature | Bicameral (two houses) |
| Vidhan Sabha (Lower House) | 243 seats; directly elected; term 5 years |
| Vidhan Parishad (Upper House) | 75 seats; permanent house (1/3rd retired every 2 years) |
| Lok Sabha Seats | 40 seats — 3rd highest in India (after UP-80, Maharashtra-48) |
| Rajya Sabha Seats | 16 seats |
| High Court | Patna High Court — est. 1916; one of India's oldest |
📖Notable Chief Ministers of Bihar
| Chief Minister | Party | Period | Notable Achievement |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sri Krishna Sinha (Shri Babu) | Congress | 1946–1961 | First & longest-serving CM; Bihar's 'father of governance' |
| Jagannath Mishra | Congress | 1975, 1980–1983, 1989–1990 | Three terms; Congress stalwart |
| Lalu Prasad Yadav | RJD (JD) | 1990–1997 | Land reforms; social justice; controversial governance |
| Rabri Devi | RJD | 1997–2005 | First woman CM of Bihar (wife of Lalu Prasad) |
| Nitish Kumar | JDU | 2005–present (multiple terms) | Infrastructure, law & order, 7 Nischay; Bihar's transformation |
📝Current Constitutional Heads (as of 2025)
- •Chief Minister: Nitish Kumar (JDU) — longest serving current CM in Bihar; multiple terms since 2005.
- •Governor: Arif Mohammad Khan (since 2024, transferred from Kerala Governor post).
- •Deputy CMs: Samrat Choudhary and Vijay Kumar Sinha (both BJP — coalition government).
- •Bihar Judiciary: Chief Justice of Patna High Court heads Bihar's judicial system.