Cell Structure — Set 6
Biology · कोशिका संरचना · Questions 51–60 of 60
Which organelle is responsible for the formation of lysosomes?
Correct Answer: C. Golgi Apparatus
The Golgi apparatus packages digestive enzymes into vesicles that become lysosomes. These enzymes are originally synthesized in the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. This process highlights the interconnected nature of the endomembrane system.
Which type of microscope is required to see the internal fine structure of organelles?
Correct Answer: C. Electron Microscope
Electron microscopes have much higher resolution and magnification than light microscopes. They use a beam of electrons instead of light to image the specimen. This technology allowed scientists to discover many smaller organelles like ribosomes.
Which organelle is absent in a typical animal cell?
Correct Answer: A. Cell Wall
Animal cells lack a rigid cell wall, which allows them to be more flexible and take on various shapes. Instead, they have an extracellular matrix for support. In contrast, plant, fungal, and bacterial cells possess a cell wall.
Who proposed that 'all animals are made of cells' in 1839?
Correct Answer: D. Theodor Schwann
Theodor Schwann was a German zoologist who expanded the cell theory to include the animal kingdom. His work complemented Schleiden's earlier observation that all plants are made of cells. Together, they established the foundation of modern biology.
What is the term for the folds of the inner membrane of mitochondria?
Correct Answer: A. Cristae
The cristae increase the surface area available for chemical reactions to occur. This expansion allows for more efficient production of ATP during cellular respiration. They are embedded with proteins essential for the electron transport chain.
Which organelle is often called the 'Packaging Center' of the cell?
Correct Answer: C. Golgi body
The Golgi body modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles. It puts the final touches on proteins produced by the ribosomes. It is also involved in transporting lipids around the cell.
The genetic material of a prokaryotic cell is found in an irregularly shaped region called the?
Correct Answer: B. Nucleoid
The nucleoid is a region within the prokaryotic cell that contains the main DNA molecule. Unlike a nucleus, it is not surrounded by a membrane. This allows for faster transcription and translation processes in bacteria.
Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing the lipid components of the cell membrane?
Correct Answer: A. Smooth ER
The Smooth ER produces phospholipids and cholesterol, which are vital for membrane repair and growth. It also helps in the detoxifying of chemicals and metabolism of carbohydrates. It is named 'smooth' because it lacks attached ribosomes.
What is the primary function of the 'Casparian Strip' found in some plant cells?
Correct Answer: B. Waterproofing
The correct answer is 'Waterproofing'. The Casparian strip is a band of waterproof material found in the endodermis of roots. It forces water and minerals to pass through cell membranes rather than around them. This allows the plant to control which nutrients enter the vascular system.
Which cell organelle is known to be the site of translation in the process of gene expression?
Correct Answer: B. Ribosome
Ribosomes are the cellular machinery where mRNA is translated into amino acid sequences. This process happens in the cytoplasm or on the surface of the Rough ER. Translation is a fundamental step in building all life-sustaining proteins.