Circulatory System — Set 4
Biology · परिसंचरण तंत्र · Questions 31–40 of 50
Who discovered the circulation of blood in the human body?
Correct Answer: A. William Harvey
William Harvey was an English physician who correctly described the systemic circulation in 1628. He proved that the heart acts as a pump to move blood throughout the body. This discovery laid the foundation for modern physiology.
Which of the following is the largest artery in the human body?
Correct Answer: D. Aorta
The aorta originates from the left ventricle and distributes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body. It is the primary trunk of the arterial system. Its elasticity helps maintain blood pressure between heart contractions.
Which blood cell is also known as a thrombocyte?
Correct Answer: A. Platelet
Thrombocytes or platelets are small, colorless cell fragments that circulate in the blood. They are crucial for blood clotting and wound healing. They are much smaller than red or white blood cells.
What is the study of the blood and blood-related disorders called?
Correct Answer: B. Hematology
Hematology focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases like anemia, leukemia, and hemophilia. It involves the study of blood cells and the proteins involved in coagulation. Specialists in this field are known as hematologists.
Which organ is often called the 'graveyard' of red blood cells?
Correct Answer: D. Spleen
The spleen filters out old or damaged erythrocytes from the circulation. It is also an important organ for the immune system and stores a reserve of blood. It is located on the left side of the upper abdomen.
The metal atom present at the center of a hemoglobin molecule is?
Correct Answer: A. Iron
Iron (in the form of Fe2+) is the central component that binds to oxygen. Each hemoglobin molecule contains four iron atoms. This iron is what gives blood its metallic taste and red color.
Which of the following conditions refers to a high blood pressure?
Correct Answer: D. Hypertension
Hypertension is a chronic condition where the force of the blood against artery walls is too high. It is often called the 'silent killer' because it may show no obvious symptoms. If left untreated, it can lead to strokes and heart failure.
What is the approximate total volume of blood in a healthy adult human?
Correct Answer: A. 5-6 liters
An average adult has about five to six liters of blood circulating in their body. This volume represents approximately 7% to 8% of the total body weight. Factors like gender and body size can cause this value to vary.
Who discovered the ABO blood group system?
Correct Answer: A. Karl Landsteiner
Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian biologist, identified the major blood groups in 1901. He received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this groundbreaking discovery. His work made blood transfusions safe for the first time.
The instrument used to measure blood pressure is the?
Correct Answer: C. Sphygmomanometer
A sphygmomanometer consists of an inflatable cuff and a pressure-measuring gauge. It is usually used in conjunction with a stethoscope to determine systolic and diastolic values. Digital versions are now commonly used for home monitoring.