Plant Classification
Biology · पौधों का वर्गीकरण · 15 facts
Plants classified: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms
Thallophyta: algae; simplest; no roots/stem/leaves
Bryophyta: mosses; amphibians of plant kingdom; need water for reproduction
Pteridophyta: ferns; first with vascular tissue(xylem/phloem)
Gymnosperms: naked seeds; pine, cycas, deodar; no fruit/flower
Angiosperms: flowering plants; seeds inside fruit; most evolved
Monocots: 1 cotyledon; parallel veins; wheat, rice, maize, banana
Dicots: 2 cotyledons; reticulate veins; pea, mango, neem, sunflower
Fungi: not plants; saprophytes; mushroom, yeast, mold
Lichens: symbiosis of algae+fungi; pollution indicators
Bacteria: prokaryotes; no nucleus; useful(Rhizobium) and harmful(TB)
Pteridophyta (ferns) are found abundantly in Western Ghats of India
Algae produce about 70% of Earth's oxygen through photosynthesis
Cycas (Gymnosperms) is called a 'living fossil'; found in India
Wheat, rice, maize are monocot angiosperms; major food crops of India