Vitamins & Minerals
Biology · विटामिन और खनिज · 23 facts
Vitamin A: night vision, skin; carrot, papaya; deficiency=night blindness
Vitamin B1(Thiamine): nervous system; deficiency=Beriberi
Vitamin B2(Riboflavin): growth; deficiency=cracked lips
Vitamin B3(Niacin): metabolism; deficiency=Pellagra
Vitamin B9(Folic acid): red blood cells; deficiency=anaemia in pregnancy
Vitamin B12(Cobalamin): nervous system+RBC; deficiency=pernicious anaemia
Vitamin C(Ascorbic acid): immunity, collagen; citrus fruits; deficiency=Scurvy
Vitamin D: calcium absorption, bones; sunlight; deficiency=Rickets(children), Osteomalacia(adults)
Vitamin E: antioxidant, skin; nuts, seeds; deficiency=infertility
Vitamin K: blood clotting; green leafy vegetables; deficiency=excessive bleeding
Fat-soluble vitamins: A, D, E, K; Water-soluble: B-complex, C
Iron deficiency: anaemia; sources: spinach, liver, red meat
Calcium: bones+teeth; milk, cheese; deficiency=osteoporosis
Iodine: thyroid function; seafood, iodized salt; deficiency=goitre
Zinc: immunity, wound healing; nuts, meat; deficiency=growth retardation
Potassium: heart function, muscle contraction; banana
Sodium: fluid balance; excess=high BP; table salt
Phosphorus: bones+teeth+DNA; dairy, fish
Fluorine: protects tooth enamel; toothpaste, water fluoridation
Kwashiorkor: protein deficiency; Marasmus: protein+calorie deficiency
Goitre belt: sub-Himalayan region of India(iodine-deficient soil)
Vitamin C destroyed by cooking/heating; eat raw fruits for max benefit
Night blindness(Vit A) most asked vitamin deficiency disease in RRB exams