Politicians' Books — Set 5

Correct Answer: C. Jawaharlal Nehru

• **Jawaharlal Nehru** = He authored the classic book 'Discovery of India' while he was imprisoned at the Ahmednagar Fort. • **1942 and 1945** — Jawaharlal Nehru wrote 'Discovery of India' during this period while imprisoned. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Mahatma Gandhi: authored 'The Story of My Experiments with Truth', not 'Discovery of India'; Sardar Patel: a key leader, but not known as an author of this work; Subhash Chandra Bose: a prominent freedom fighter, but did not write this specific book.

Correct Answer: A. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad

• **Maulana Abul Kalam Azad** = India's first Education Minister, he authored 'India Wins Freedom', an autobiographical account of the independence movement. • **30 years** — Certain controversial chapters of 'India Wins Freedom' were kept sealed for 30 years after his death. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Jawaharlal Nehru: authored 'Discovery of India' and 'Glimpses of World History', not this autobiography; Dr. Rajendra Prasad: India's first President and author of 'Atmakatha', not 'India Wins Freedom'; Subhash Chandra Bose: a prominent freedom fighter, but not the author of this particular book.

Correct Answer: B. Mahatma Gandhi

• **Mahatma Gandhi** = He authored 'The Story of My Experiments with Truth', detailing his spiritual and moral development through various phases of his life. • **Gujarati** — The book was originally written in Gujarati and later translated into many world languages. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Nelson Mandela: authored 'Long Walk to Freedom', not this book; Martin Luther King Jr.: a prominent civil rights leader, but this is not his autobiography; Abraham Lincoln: 16th US President, his autobiography is typically not known by this title.

Correct Answer: C. Babur

• **Babur** = The founder of the Mughal Empire, he wrote his own autobiography known as 'Baburnama'. • **Chagatai Turkic language** — 'Baburnama' was originally written by Babur in the Chagatai Turkic language. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Akbar: a great Mughal emperor, but his biography 'Akbarnama' was written by Abu'l-Fazl, not by him; Humayun: Babur's son, his biography 'Humayunama' was written by his sister Gulbadan Begum; Jahangir: authored his own memoirs 'Tuzuk-e-Jahangiri', but not 'Baburnama'.

Correct Answer: B. Jawaharlal Nehru

• **Jawaharlal Nehru** = He authored 'Glimpses of World History', which was written as letters to his daughter, Indira Gandhi. • **196 letters** — 'Glimpses of World History' consists of 196 letters written to his daughter while he was in various British prisons. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Mahatma Gandhi: wrote 'Hind Swaraj' and 'The Story of My Experiments with Truth', not this historical work; Rabindranath Tagore: a Nobel laureate poet and philosopher, but not the author of this book; B.R. Ambedkar: the chief architect of the Indian Constitution, not associated with this historical overview.

Correct Answer: B. B.R. Ambedkar

• **B.R. Ambedkar** = authored 'Annihilation of Caste', a powerful critique of the Hindu caste system. • **1936** — This seminal work was originally prepared as a speech for a conference in this year. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Jyotiba Phule: known for his work on women's education and caste equality, not this specific book; Periyar: a prominent social reformer from Tamil Nadu, focused on self-respect movement; Kanshi Ram: founder of the Bahujan Samaj Party, a later figure in Dalit politics.

Correct Answer: B. Lala Lajpat Rai

• **Lala Lajpat Rai** = authored 'Unhappy India' to counter negative portrayals of India by Western authors. • **'Mother India'** — This book was written in response to Katherine Mayo's critical work, which portrayed India negatively. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Bal Gangadhar Tilak: known for 'Swaraj is my birthright'; Bipin Chandra Pal: another member of the Lal-Bal-Pal trio, a nationalist leader and orator; Dadabhai Naoroji: famous for 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India' and the 'Drain of Wealth' theory.

Correct Answer: A. Dadabhai Naoroji

• **Dadabhai Naoroji** = introduced the 'Drain of Wealth' theory in his book 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India'. • **First Indian MP** — He was the first Indian to be elected as a Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: R.C. Dutt: also a notable economist and historian of India, wrote 'Economic History of India'; M.G. Ranade: a social reformer and one of the founders of the Indian National Congress; G.K. Gokhale: a political leader and social reformer, mentor to Mahatma Gandhi.

Correct Answer: A. Subhash Chandra Bose

• **Subhash Chandra Bose** = wrote 'The Indian Struggle', analyzing the freedom movement and his revolutionary vision. • **1920 to 1942** — The book chronicles and analyzes the Indian freedom movement during this period. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Sardar Patel: a key figure in India's integration, known as the 'Iron Man of India'; Lala Lajpat Rai: authored 'Unhappy India'; Bhagat Singh: a revolutionary socialist, known for his activism and martyrdom.

Correct Answer: B. Mahatma Gandhi

• **Mahatma Gandhi** = authored 'Hind Swaraj', emphasizing self-reliance and passive resistance (Satyagraha). • **1909** — This seminal work, outlining Gandhi's vision for Indian self-rule, was written in this year. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Jawaharlal Nehru: India's first Prime Minister, authored 'The Discovery of India'; Vinoba Bhave: a disciple of Gandhi, known for the Bhoodan Movement; Gopal Krishna Gokhale: political guru of Mahatma Gandhi.