Common Names — Set 4
Chemistry · सामान्य नाम · Questions 31–40 of 60
Which substance is commonly called 'Oil of Vitriol'?
Correct Answer: C. Sulfuric acid
Concentrated sulfuric acid is known as oil of vitriol. This name comes from its oily appearance and its production from green vitriol. It is a very strong dehydrating agent.
What is the common name for the compound Sucrose?
Correct Answer: B. Cane sugar
Sucrose is commonly known as cane sugar or table sugar. It is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose. It is mainly extracted from sugar cane and sugar beets.
Which chemical is known as 'Horn Silver'?
Correct Answer: C. Silver chloride
Silver chloride is called horn silver because of its appearance in mineral form. It is sensitive to light and turns gray or black when exposed. It is used in making photographic paper.
By which common name is Sodium Chloride (NaCl) most widely known in everyday use and referred to in chemistry as well as general conversation?
Correct Answer: B. Common salt
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is most widely known as "common salt" or "table salt" in everyday use. Rock salt refers specifically to the mineral form of NaCl found in large underground deposits and is used for de-icing roads and in cooking. Brine is a concentrated solution of NaCl in water, used in food preservation. Caustic soda is the common name for sodium hydroxide (NaOH), not NaCl. While rock salt, common salt, and sea salt are all forms of NaCl, the most universally used common name in chemistry and general conversation is "common salt."
Which compound is commonly known as 'Borax'?
Correct Answer: C. Sodium borate
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is the chemical name for borax. It is used as a cleaning agent and in making heat-resistant glass like Pyrex. It is also used as a flux in welding.
What is the common name for Potassium Nitrate?
Correct Answer: D. Nitre
Potassium nitrate is commonly called nitre or saltpetre. It is a major ingredient in gunpowder and fertilizers. It occurs naturally as a crust on the soil in some regions.
Which acid is found in vinegar and is known as 'Glacial' when pure?
Correct Answer: D. Acetic acid
Acetic acid is the main component of vinegar. Pure acetic acid is called glacial acetic acid because it freezes into ice-like crystals in cold weather. It is used in the food industry and for making synthetic fibers.
What is the common name of Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate?
Correct Answer: D. Epsom salt
Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is known as Epsom salt. It is used in medicine and agriculture. It provides magnesium, which is a vital part of chlorophyll in plants.
Which substance is commonly known as 'Aqua Regia'?
Correct Answer: C. A mixture of HCl and HNO3
Aqua regia is a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and nitric acid in a 3:1 ratio. It is called 'royal water' because it can dissolve noble metals like gold and platinum. It is a highly corrosive and fuming liquid.
What is the common name of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate?
Correct Answer: A. Gypsum
Calcium sulfate dihydrate is commonly known as gypsum. It is used in the manufacture of cement and as a fertilizer. When heated, it transforms into Plaster of Paris.