Industrial Chemistry
Chemistry · औद्योगिक रसायन · 15 facts
Haber: N2+3H2->2NH3; high P, 500C, Fe catalyst
Contact: makes H2SO4; V2O5 catalyst
Ostwald: NH3 to HNO3; Pt-Rh catalyst
Solvay: NaCl+NH3+CO2->Na2CO3 (washing soda)
Chlor-alkali: NaCl brine->NaOH+Cl2+H2
Cement: limestone+clay at 1500C in rotary kiln
Fertilizers: urea, DAP, superphosphate (NPK)
Petroleum: crude oil fractional distillation->LPG,petrol,diesel
Vulcanization: rubber+sulphur at 150C (Goodyear)
H2SO4 King of Chemicals: fertilizers, batteries, dyes
Ammonia: fertilizers(urea), refrigeration, explosives
Electrolysis of water: 2H2O -> 2H2 + O2; hydrogen at cathode, oxygen at anode
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) used in paper, textile, soap industries
Nitric acid (HNO3): manufacture of fertilizers, explosives (TNT), dyes
Hydrochloric acid (HCl): used in cleaning metals, making PVC, food processing