Industrial Chemistry — Set 1
Chemistry · औद्योगिक रसायन · Questions 1–10 of 40
Which process is used for the large-scale manufacture of Ammonia?
Correct Answer: D. Haber process
The Haber process synthesizes ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases. It requires a high pressure and an iron catalyst to function efficiently. This industrial method is fundamental for producing agricultural fertilizers.
Which substance is used as a moderator in nuclear reactors?
Correct Answer: C. Graphite
Graphite acts as a moderator to slow down fast-moving neutrons. Slowing neutrons is essential to maintain a controlled nuclear chain reaction. Heavy water is another substance commonly used for this purpose.
In the manufacture of glass, which of the following is used as a flux to lower the melting point of silica?
Correct Answer: D. Sodium carbonate
Sodium carbonate, or soda ash, effectively reduces the melting temperature of sand. This makes the glass-making process more energy-efficient and manageable. It results in the production of common soda-lime glass.
Which catalyst is used in the Contact process for the manufacture of Sulfuric acid?
Correct Answer: C. Vanadium pentoxide
Vanadium pentoxide facilitates the conversion of sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide. This step is the most critical part of the Contact process. Sulfuric acid is often referred to as the 'King of Chemicals' in industry.
Which gas is primarily used in the industrial manufacture of vegetable ghee from oils?
Correct Answer: B. Hydrogen
Hydrogen is used in the hydrogenation process to convert liquid oils into solid fats. This reaction typically occurs in the presence of a nickel catalyst. It increases the shelf life and stability of the food product.
What is the primary ore used for the industrial extraction of Aluminium?
Correct Answer: D. Bauxite
Bauxite is the principal ore from which alumina is extracted. The alumina is then reduced to aluminium metal through the Hall-Héroult process. This metal is highly valued for its low density and corrosion resistance.
Which variety of coal is considered the highest grade due to its high carbon content?
Correct Answer: B. Anthracite
Anthracite contains the highest percentage of carbon and produces the most heat. It burns with a clean, blue flame and very little smoke. Peat is the lowest grade and represents the first stage of coal formation.
Which chemical is commonly used in the 'Vulcanization' of natural rubber?
Correct Answer: C. Sulfur
Sulfur is added to rubber and heated to create cross-links between polymer chains. This process makes the rubber harder, more elastic, and resistant to temperature changes. Charles Goodyear is credited with discovering this essential industrial technique.
The Solvay process is industrially used to manufacture which of the following?
Correct Answer: D. Sodium carbonate
The Solvay process produces sodium carbonate using brine, limestone, and ammonia. It is also known as the ammonia-soda process in industrial chemistry. This compound is a key ingredient in the manufacturing of detergents.
Which element is added to iron to manufacture 'Stainless Steel'?
Correct Answer: B. Chromium
Chromium is added to iron to provide high resistance to rusting and corrosion. It forms a thin, protective layer of oxide on the surface of the steel. Stainless steel typically contains at least 10.5% chromium by mass.