Air & Water Pollution
Environment · वायु और जल प्रदूषण
📋Quick Overview
Key facts about Air & Water Pollution for RRB NTPC, SSC CGL, and other competitive exams. These are frequently asked in the GK section and mastering them ensures easy marks.
⭐
PM2.5 — Particulate Matter < 2.5μm — Most dangerous air pollutant, enters lungs & blood
⭐
AQI — Air Quality Index — 0-50 Good, 301-500 Hazardous
📖Air & Water Pollution
| Name | Detail | Key Fact |
|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 | Particulate Matter < 2.5μm | Most dangerous air pollutant, enters lungs & blood |
| AQI | Air Quality Index | 0-50 Good, 301-500 Hazardous |
| BOD | Biological Oxygen Demand | Higher BOD = more polluted water |
| Eutrophication | Excess nutrients in water | Algal bloom → oxygen depletion → fish death |
| Acid Rain | pH < 5.6 | SO₂ and NOₓ react with water → sulfuric/nitric acid |
| Minamata Disease | Mercury poisoning | Japan — caused by industrial mercury in water |
| Bhopal Gas Tragedy | 1984 | MIC gas leak from Union Carbide — worst industrial disaster |
| NAQI | National AQI India | Launched 2014, monitors 12 pollutants |
📝Key Points
- •PM2.5: Particulate Matter < 2.5μm: Most dangerous air pollutant, enters lungs & blood
- •AQI: Air Quality Index: 0-50 Good, 301-500 Hazardous
- •BOD: Biological Oxygen Demand: Higher BOD = more polluted water
- •Eutrophication: Excess nutrients in water: Algal bloom → oxygen depletion → fish death
- •Acid Rain: pH < 5.6: SO₂ and NOₓ react with water → sulfuric/nitric acid
- •Minamata Disease: Mercury poisoning: Japan — caused by industrial mercury in water