Biotic Interaction — Set 1
Environment · जैविक अंतःक्रिया · Questions 1–10 of 50
Which type of interaction involves one species being harmed while the other remains unaffected?
Correct Answer: A. Amensalism
Amensalism occurs when one organism is inhibited or destroyed while the other stays neutral. A common example is a large tree shading out a small plant. This interaction is often represented by a (-/0) relationship.
The interaction between a remora fish and a shark is a classic example of which relationship?
Correct Answer: D. Commensalism
In commensalism, the remora benefits by getting food scraps and transport while the shark is unaffected. The remora attaches itself to the shark using a specialized sucker. This is categorized as a (+/0) biotic interaction.
What is the term for a relationship where both participating species derive benefits?
Correct Answer: A. Mutualism
Mutualism is a positive interspecific interaction where both species gain from each other. Pollination of flowers by bees is a prime example of this type. It is essential for the survival of many ecosystems.
In which interaction does one organism live on or inside another organism, causing it harm?
Correct Answer: D. Parasitism
Parasitism involves a parasite obtaining nourishment from a host organism. The host is typically harmed but not immediately killed. This interaction is designated as a (+/-) relationship.
Which of the following describes the interaction known as 'Competition'?
Correct Answer: A. Both are harmed
Competition occurs when different organisms vie for the same limited resources like food or space. Both species face a reduction in fitness because the resource is shared. It is represented as a (-/-) interaction in ecology.
Ticks and lice found on the bodies of animals are examples of?
Correct Answer: D. Ectoparasites
Ectoparasites are organisms that live on the external surface of the host. They feed on the host's blood or skin tissue. Most common household pests like bedbugs also fall into this category.
What type of relationship is exhibited by Lichens, which consist of an alga and a fungus?
Correct Answer: A. Mutualism
The correct answer is 'Mutualism'. The fungus provides structural support and protection while the alga produces food through photosynthesis. This obligate relationship allows them to survive in harsh environments. Lichens are often used as biological indicators of air quality.
When a lion hunts and kills a zebra, the interaction is called?
Correct Answer: D. Predation
Predation is an interaction where a predator kills and eats its prey. It helps in maintaining the population balance within an ecosystem. This is a (+/-) interaction where the predator gains energy.
The relationship where one species prevents the growth of another by secreting chemicals is called?
Correct Answer: A. Antibiosis
Antibiosis is a specific form of amensalism where chemical substances inhibit the growth of others. The production of penicillin by mold to kill bacteria is a famous example. It is a biological strategy used for survival and dominance.
A bird building a nest in a tree is an example of which interaction?
Correct Answer: A. Commensalism
The correct answer is 'Commensalism'. The bird gets a safe place to live while the tree is neither helped nor harmed. This is a common (+/0) interaction observed in nature. The tree provides the physical platform without losing its own nutrients.