Noise & Radiation — Set 1
Environment · ध्वनि और विकिरण · Questions 1–10 of 40
Which unit is used to measure the intensity or loudness of sound?
Correct Answer: A. Decibel
The decibel (dB) is the standard logarithmic unit used to measure sound intensity. A higher decibel value indicates a louder sound that can potentially cause hearing damage. Generally, sounds above 85 dB are considered harmful over long durations.
Which type of radiation has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or molecules?
Correct Answer: C. Ionizing radiation
Ionizing radiation includes high-energy rays like X-rays and Gamma rays that can strip electrons from atoms. This process can cause chemical changes in living cells and damage DNA structures. It is commonly found in nuclear materials and cosmic rays.
According to the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, what is the daytime noise limit for a Residential Area?
Correct Answer: C. 55 dB
The prescribed limit for residential areas during the day is 55 decibels. Daytime is usually defined as the period from 6 AM to 10 PM. Keeping noise within these limits is essential for the psychological well-being of residents.
Which radioactive gas is a natural source of radiation often found accumulating in poorly ventilated basements?
Correct Answer: A. Radon
Radon is a colorless, odorless gas produced by the natural decay of uranium in soil and rocks. It can leak into buildings through cracks and become a significant health risk when inhaled. It is widely recognized as a major cause of lung cancer globally.
What is the threshold frequency for sound to be classified as 'Ultrasound'?
Correct Answer: D. Above 20,000 Hz
The correct answer is 'Above 20,000 Hz'. Ultrasound refers to sound waves with frequencies higher than the upper audible limit of human hearing, which is 20 kHz. While not usually perceived as noise, it is used in medical imaging and industrial cleaning. Many animals like bats and dolphins use these frequencies for navigation.
Which of the following is an example of non-ionizing radiation?
Correct Answer: C. Ultraviolet rays
Ultraviolet (UV) rays lack the energy to ionize atoms but can still cause thermal or chemical damage to skin. Non-ionizing radiation also includes visible light, infrared, and radio waves. Protecting against excessive UV exposure is vital to prevent skin and eye disorders.
The concept of 'Silence Zones' usually covers areas within how many meters of hospitals or educational institutions?
Correct Answer: A. 100 meters
Silence zones are defined as areas comprising not less than 100 meters around designated premises. Activities like honking and the use of loudspeakers are strictly regulated in these buffers. This ensures a quiet environment necessary for recovery and learning.
Which part of the human ear is most susceptible to damage from prolonged exposure to high-frequency noise?
Correct Answer: C. Cochlea
The cochlea contains tiny hair cells that translate sound vibrations into nerve signals for the brain. Loud noises can overwork and permanently damage these delicate sensory cells. This damage often results in permanent sensorineural hearing loss.
Which device is commonly used to detect and measure ionizing radiation levels?
Correct Answer: D. Geiger-Müller counter
A Geiger counter uses a gas-filled tube to detect the ionization produced by radioactive particles. It produces a clicking sound or a visual reading when radiation is present. It is a fundamental tool for safety monitoring in nuclear facilities.
What is the primary objective of using 'acoustic insulation' in urban buildings?
Correct Answer: A. To block external noise
Acoustic insulation uses sound-absorbing materials to reduce the transmission of noise into a building. This helps in mitigating the effects of traffic and industrial noise pollution. Common materials include mineral wool and specialized foam panels.