Ramsar Wetland Sites — Set 16
Forest & Wildlife · रामसर आर्द्रभूमि स्थल · Questions 151–160 of 160
East Kolkata Wetlands processes approximately how much sewage daily through natural biological processes?
Correct Answer: C. 750 million liters
East Kolkata Wetlands processes approximately 750 million liters of Kolkata's municipal sewage daily through natural biological processes. The wetland uses sewage-fed fish ponds and vegetable farms to treat the wastewater. This traditional ecological engineering makes the East Kolkata Wetlands unique globally. Designated as a Ramsar site in 2002, it demonstrates how wetlands can provide valuable ecosystem services while supporting urban food production and livelihoods.
Sangai deer (Cervus eldii eldii) is the state animal of which state?
Correct Answer: C. Manipur
Sangai (Cervus eldii eldii), also known as the Brow-antlered Deer or Dancing Deer, is the state animal of Manipur. It is found only in Keibul Lamjao National Park, which floats on the phumdis of Loktak Lake — a Ramsar Wetland. The Sangai is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The population has recovered to about 250-300 individuals through conservation efforts centered on the Loktak Lake ecosystem.
Ramsar's 'wise use' principle is supported by which three pillars?
Correct Answer: B. Ramsar List, Montreux Record, and management planning
Ramsar's 'wise use' principle is supported by three pillars: the Ramsar List (designating internationally important wetlands), the Montreux Record (identifying wetlands requiring urgent attention), and management planning (guidance for conservation and sustainable use). Together these tools help countries identify, monitor, and manage their important wetlands effectively. The 'wise use' concept is central to the Ramsar Convention and applies to all wetlands, not just Ramsar-listed ones.
Which Ramsar site in India is most famous for Sarus Crane, the world's tallest flying bird?
Correct Answer: C. Sarsai Nawar Jheel
Sarsai Nawar Jheel in the Etawah district of Uttar Pradesh is one of India's most famous Ramsar sites for Sarus Crane (Grus antigone) sightings. The Sarus Crane is the world's tallest flying bird. Several Uttar Pradesh Ramsar sites including Sarsai Nawar, Parvati Agra, and Saman Bird Sanctuary are important for Sarus Cranes. India holds the majority of the world's Sarus Crane population.
The largest Ramsar site in India by area is which wetland?
Correct Answer: C. Sundarbans
The Sundarbans in West Bengal is the largest Ramsar Wetland Site in India, covering approximately 4,230 sq km. The Sundarbans Ramsar site was designated in 2019. It encompasses the mangrove forests, tidal rivers, and associated ecosystems of the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta. The site also overlaps with the Sundarbans National Park (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) and the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve.
Chandra Taal in Himachal Pradesh was designated as a Ramsar site in which year?
Correct Answer: D. 2005
Chandra Taal (Moon Lake) in the Lahaul district of Himachal Pradesh was designated as a Ramsar Wetland Site in 2005. It is located at approximately 4,250 meters above sea level in the Lahaul-Spiti district. The crescent-shaped glacial lake is fed by meltwater from surrounding glaciers. It is an important habitat for bar-headed geese and endemic alpine flora. Renuka Lake was also designated as a Ramsar site in the same year 2005.
Kaval Wildlife Sanctuary in Telangana is included in which category of protected area that also contains wetlands?
Correct Answer: C. Tiger Reserve
Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary in Telangana is part of the Kawal Tiger Reserve. The wetlands within this tiger reserve were designated as a Ramsar Wetland Site in 2022. This makes it one of the few Ramsar sites that lies within a Tiger Reserve in India. The wetlands support tigers, leopards, and numerous wetland-dependent bird and reptile species. The designation helps protect the water bodies critical to the ecosystem.
Kolleru Lake in Andhra Pradesh is a natural flood basin between which two major rivers?
Correct Answer: A. Krishna and Godavari
Kolleru Lake in Andhra Pradesh serves as a natural flood basin between the Krishna and Godavari rivers. The lake receives seasonal inflows from both rivers during monsoon season and helps moderate flood levels. It was designated as a Ramsar Wetland Site in 2002. Kolleru is one of the largest freshwater lakes in India, covering about 901 sq km. It is an important habitat for the painted stork and other waterbirds.
Indus River Dolphin found in Beas Conservation Reserve in Punjab is listed as which category on IUCN Red List?
Correct Answer: C. Endangered
The Indus River Dolphin (Platanista indus) found in the Beas Conservation Reserve in Punjab is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Beas Conservation Reserve was designated as a Ramsar Wetland Site in 2019 primarily to protect this species. This is the only remaining habitat of the Indus Dolphin in India. The subspecies is found mainly in the Indus River in Pakistan, with this small population in the Beas being the only Indian occurrence.
Pichavaram Mangrove in Tamil Nadu is considered India's second-largest mangrove forest after which mangrove?
Correct Answer: B. Sundarbans
Pichavaram Mangrove in the Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu is considered India's second-largest mangrove forest after the Sundarbans. The Sundarbans in West Bengal and Bangladesh is the world's largest mangrove forest. Pichavaram was designated as a Ramsar Wetland Site in 2022. The mangroves are known for their dense canopy connected by waterways and played a protective role during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.