Ecology Basics — Set 4
Geography · पारिस्थितिकी की मूल बातें · Questions 31–40 of 50
Ecology is the study of interaction between which two entities?
Correct Answer: A. Organism and Environment
Ecology is defined as the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their physical and biological environment. It encompasses the study of individuals, populations, communities, and ecosystems. The goal is to understand how these interactions affect the distribution and abundance of life.
Which of the following is considered an 'Artificial' or man-made ecosystem?
Correct Answer: A. Crop field
A crop field is an example of an artificial ecosystem because it is created and maintained by human intervention. Unlike natural ecosystems, it usually has very low species diversity and requires external inputs like fertilizers. Other examples include aquariums and parks.
The primary role of 'Decomposers' in an ecosystem is to?
Correct Answer: D. Recycle nutrients
Decomposers break down dead plants and animals into simpler inorganic compounds. This process releases nutrients back into the soil and atmosphere, making them available for producers again. Without decomposers, waste would accumulate and life would eventually cease.
What is the term for the place or type of site where an organism naturally lives and grows?
Correct Answer: A. Habitat
A habitat is the specific natural environment where an organism lives, providing it with food, water, shelter, and space. It can be as large as a forest or as small as the underside of a rock. A species' habitat is determined by its physical and biological requirements.
The interconnected and overlapping food chains in an ecosystem form a?
Correct Answer: A. Food Web
A food web is a graphical representation of what-eats-what in an ecological community. It is a network of interconnected food chains that reflects the complex feeding relationships in nature. Most organisms have more than one source of food, making the web more stable than a single chain.
Which gas is released by plants during the process of photosynthesis?
Correct Answer: A. Oxygen
Oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis and is released by plants into the atmosphere. This gas is essential for the respiration of animals and most other living beings. At the same time, plants absorb carbon dioxide, helping to balance atmospheric gases.
What are the animals that eat both plants and other animals called?
Correct Answer: A. Omnivores
Omnivores are animals that have a diet consisting of both plant-based and animal-based materials. Humans, bears, and crows are prominent examples of omnivores. This flexible diet allows them to occupy multiple trophic levels and survive in various environments.
The branch of ecology that deals with the study of a single species and its environment is?
Correct Answer: C. Autecology
Autecology focuses on the study of an individual organism or a single species in relation to its environment. Synecology, by contrast, is the study of groups of organisms that are associated together as a unit (communities). Autecology helps in understanding the adaptations and survival strategies of a specific species.
Which term describes the amount of biomass produced per unit area over a time period by plants?
Correct Answer: C. Primary Productivity
Primary productivity is the rate at which solar energy is converted into organic compounds by producers. It is a fundamental property of an ecosystem that determines the amount of energy available for consumers. It is typically measured in grams per square meter per year.
The term 'Ecosystem' was first proposed by which scientist?
Correct Answer: D. A.G. Tansley
A.G. Tansley proposed the term 'Ecosystem' in the year 1935. He described it as a integrated system of living beings and their physical environment. This concept became central to modern ecological studies.