Oceans & Currents
Geography · महासागर और धाराएं · 19 facts
Continental Slope — steep slope from shelf edge to deep ocean floor (200–3,000 m)
Abyssal Plain — flat, deep ocean floor (3,000–6,000 m), covers most of ocean floor
Great Barrier Reef (Australia) = world's largest coral reef system
Salinity increases with evaporation and decreases with freshwater inflow (rivers, rain)
5 oceans (size order): Pacific > Atlantic > Indian > Southern > Arctic
Pacific = largest and deepest, Arctic = smallest and shallowest
Mariana Trench = deepest point (11,034 m) in Pacific Ocean
Atlantic = busiest for trade, S-shaped
Indian Ocean = only ocean named after a country
Continental Shelf = 0–200 m depth, rich in marine resources
Mid-Atlantic Ridge = longest mountain range on Earth (underwater)
Gulf Stream = warm, Labrador = cold; they meet at Grand Banks
Kuroshio = warm current (Pacific), Oyashio = cold current (Pacific)
Spring Tide = Full/New Moon (straight line), Neap Tide = Quarter Moon (90°)
Great Barrier Reef (Australia) = world's largest coral reef
Average ocean salinity = 35 ppt
Warm currents: equator → poles. Cold currents: poles → equator
3 types of coral reefs: Fringing, Barrier, Atoll
Peru/Humboldt Current = cold current along South America's west coast