Rocks & Minerals

Geography · चट्टानें और खनिज · 14 facts

Any rock type can change into any other type — this continuous process is the Rock Cycle

South-Western Plateau Belt — Karnataka, Goa, Kerala. Iron ore, manganese, bauxite.

North-Western Belt — Rajasthan, Gujarat. Copper, zinc, lead, limestone, gypsum, petroleum.

3 rock types: Igneous (fire), Sedimentary (layers), Metamorphic (changed)

Igneous = primary/parent rocks, no fossils

Sedimentary rocks contain fossils, cover 75% of Earth's surface

Limestone → Marble, Sandstone → Quartzite, Shale → Slate, Granite → Gneiss

Granite = intrusive igneous, Basalt = extrusive igneous

Diamond is the hardest natural substance (metamorphic form of carbon)

Coal types (best to worst): Anthracite > Bituminous > Lignite > Peat

Jharia (Jharkhand) = India's oldest and largest coalfield

Digboi (Assam) = India's first oil well (1889)

Mumbai High = largest offshore oil field in India

Odisha is #1 producer of Iron Ore, Bauxite, Manganese