Question 1

Which type of soil covers the largest area in India?

Accepted Answer

Alluvial Soil. Alluvial soil is the most widespread soil type in India, covering about 40% of the total land area. It is formed by the deposition of silt by major river systems like the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra. This soil is highly fertile and supports the majority of India's agricultural production.

Question 2

Which soil is also known as 'Regur Soil'?

Accepted Answer

Black Soil. Black soil is popularly known as Regur soil, a term derived from the Telugu word 'Reguda'. It is ideal for growing cotton, which is why it is also called Black Cotton Soil. This soil is largely found in the Deccan Trap region made of basaltic rock.

Question 3

Which chemical element gives Red Soil its characteristic color?

Accepted Answer

Iron Oxide. The red color of this soil is due to the wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks. It develops a yellowish color when it occurs in a hydrated form. It is generally poor in nitrogen, phosphorus, and humus.

Question 4

Laterite soil is formed due to which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

Intense Leaching. Laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall through the process of intense leaching. This process washes away the silica and lime, leaving behind iron and aluminum oxides. It is commonly found on the summits of the Western and Eastern Ghats.

Question 5

In the context of Alluvial soil, what does the term 'Bhangar' refer to?

Accepted Answer

Old Alluvium. Bhangar represents the older alluvium of the plains, often containing calcareous deposits locally known as 'Kankar'. It is found in higher reaches of the river terraces above the flood levels. In contrast, Khadar is the newer, more fertile alluvium found in floodplains.

Soils of India — Set 1