Congress Sessions — Set 2
Indian History · कांग्रेस अधिवेशन · Questions 11–20 of 80
Which session passed a resolution to boycott the Simon Commission?
Correct Answer: C. Madras, 1927
• **Madras session (1927)** = boycott of **Simon Commission** 'at every stage and in every form'. • Presided by **M.A. Ansari** — also first time Congress adopted a resolution for **complete independence**. • Simon Commission = 7-member all-British committee, no Indian member — hence mass protest 'Simon Go Back'. • 💡 Guwahati 1926 = Khadi compulsory; Calcutta 1928 = Nehru Report discussed; Lahore 1929 = Poorna Swaraj passed — Simon Commission boycott resolution was Madras 1927.
Who presided over the 1928 Calcutta session where the Nehru Report was a key topic?
Correct Answer: C. Motilal Nehru
• **Motilal Nehru** = presided **1928 Calcutta session** — key topic was the Nehru Report. • Gave British an ultimatum: accept **Nehru Report (Dominion Status)** within 2 years or face mass movement. • **All India Youth Congress** also formed at this session — Jawaharlal Nehru pushed for complete independence. • 💡 Jawaharlal Nehru = son, attended but didn't preside; Gandhi = presided only 1924 Belgaum; Bose = presided 1938 Haripura — Motilal Nehru presided 1928 Calcutta.
Which session endorsed the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
Correct Answer: B. Karachi, 1931
• **Karachi session (1931)** = endorsed **Gandhi-Irwin Pact** — presided by **Vallabhbhai Patel**. • Held days after execution of **Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev** (March 23, 1931) — amid protests. • Also passed the landmark **Fundamental Rights and National Economic Policy** resolution (drafted by Nehru). • 💡 Bombay 1934 = Congress Socialist Party formed; Lahore 1929 = Poorna Swaraj; Lucknow 1936 = Nehru's socialist path — Gandhi-Irwin Pact endorsed at Karachi 1931.
Who presided over the Bombay session in 1934 which saw the formation of the Congress Socialist Party?
Correct Answer: D. Rajendra Prasad
• **Rajendra Prasad** = presided **1934 Bombay session** — Congress Socialist Party (CSP) formed here. • **CSP** founded by Jayaprakash Narayan, Acharya Narendra Deva within Congress — promoted socialist agenda. • Congress constitution also amended — Gandhi returned to active Congress role during this period. • 💡 Jawaharlal Nehru = presided 1929 Lahore and 1936 Lucknow; Sardar Patel = presided 1931 Karachi; Bose = presided 1938 Haripura — Rajendra Prasad presided 1934 Bombay.
In which session did Jawaharlal Nehru advocate for a 'Socialist' path for India?
Correct Answer: B. Lucknow, 1936
• **Lucknow session (1936)** = Jawaharlal Nehru advocated **Socialist path** for India. • Nehru stated he saw **no way to end mass poverty except through socialism** — leftward ideological shift. • Congress contested 1937 provincial elections after this — won majority in 7 of 11 provinces. • 💡 Bombay 1934 = Congress Socialist Party formed; Haripura 1938 = Bose presided, National Planning Committee; Faizpur 1937 = first village session — socialist advocacy was Lucknow 1936.
Who was the Congress President at the time of the Ramgarh session in 1940?
Correct Answer: A. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
• **Maulana Abul Kalam Azad** = Congress President at **Ramgarh session (1940)**. • Due to **WWII and Quit India Movement**, no sessions held 1941–1945 — Azad remained President **6 consecutive years**. • Azad also held the record as youngest Congress President (age 35, Delhi Special Session 1923). • 💡 J.B. Kripalani = President at 1946 Meerut (transfer of power); Pattabhi Sitaramayya = lost 1939 Tripuri election; Sarojini Naidu = 1925 Kanpur — Azad was the 1940 Ramgarh president.
Who was the Congress President when the transfer of power took place in 1947?
Correct Answer: A. J.B. Kripalani
• **J.B. Kripalani** = Congress President during **transfer of power (1947)** — elected at Meerut session 1946. • He presided over the turbulent partition period — resigned in **November 1947** due to differences with government. • J.B. Kripalani = Acharya Kripalani, a Gandhian — later founded Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party. • 💡 Maulana Azad = President 1940–1946; Rajendra Prasad = first President of India; Jawaharlal Nehru = Prime Minister — J.B. Kripalani was Congress President at transfer of power.
Where was the first session of the Congress held after India's independence (1948)?
Correct Answer: D. Jaipur
• **Jaipur** = venue of **first post-independence Congress session (1948)**. • Presided by **Pattabhi Sitaramayya** — same leader who lost to Bose in the 1939 Tripuri election. • This session began Congress's transition from a freedom movement to a governing political party. • 💡 New Delhi = capital but not the venue; Nagpur = 1920 session venue; Nasik = not a Congress session venue — first post-independence session was in Jaipur 1948.
How many times did Dadabhai Naoroji preside over the Indian National Congress?
Correct Answer: A. Three
• **Dadabhai Naoroji** = presided INC **three times**: 1886 (Calcutta), 1893 (Lahore), 1906 (Calcutta). • Known as **'Grand Old Man of India'** — also first Indian elected to British Parliament (1892, Finsbury). • In 1906 Calcutta session, he first used 'Swaraj' — key demand adopted as Congress goal. • 💡 Memory trick: **three** sessions — only Naoroji, Bonnerjee, and few others presided more than twice — Naoroji presided exactly three times.
Who presided over the 1889 Bombay session where the number of women delegates increased significantly?
Correct Answer: B. William Wedderburn
• **William Wedderburn** = presided **1889 Bombay session** — notable for women's increased participation. • **Pandita Ramabai** was among prominent women who attended — early women's representation in Congress. • Wedderburn = British ICS officer and founding member of INC; co-founded British Committee of INC. • 💡 Pherozeshah Mehta = presided 1890 Calcutta; George Yule = first English President (1888 Allahabad); Alfred Webb = presided 1894 Madras — Wedderburn presided 1889 Bombay.