India & Neighbours (Nepal, BD, SL) — Set 12
International Relations · भारत और पड़ोसी देश · Questions 111–120 of 140
The 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War created approximately how many refugees who flooded into India?
Correct Answer: D. Over 10 million
During the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, over 10 million refugees from East Pakistan (Bangladesh) flooded into India, primarily into West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, and Meghalaya. This massive refugee crisis was one of the humanitarian catastrophes of the 20th century and placed enormous economic and social strain on India. The refugee crisis was a major driver of India's decision to intervene militarily, leading to Bangladesh's liberation.
India's first submarine cable landing station connected to the international internet is in Chennai. Bangladesh connects to India's internet through:
Correct Answer: C. Land-based fibre optic cables through India
Bangladesh connects to the international internet backbone primarily through land-based fibre optic cables that transit through India. India has provided bandwidth to Bangladesh through terrestrial links as part of connectivity agreements. Bangladesh also has its own submarine cable connections to reduce dependence on India for internet connectivity, but India remains an important transit country for Bangladesh's data traffic.
Nepal's Lipulekh Pass is important because it is the route used for:
Correct Answer: B. Kailash Mansarovar Yatra pilgrim route to Tibet
Lipulekh Pass is one of the main routes used by Indian pilgrims for the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra to Tibet (China). India built a road to the pass to facilitate the pilgrimage, which was inaugurated in May 2020. It was this road inauguration that triggered Nepal's objection as it passes through territory Nepal claims as its own (Kalapani-Lipulekh area), leading to the 2020 cartographic dispute.
The India-Bhutan border is unique because it has no formal Line of Control or disputed areas, and Bhutan does not share border with:
Correct Answer: B. India, China, and Nepal
Bhutan shares borders with India and China (Tibet) only, and not with Nepal, Bangladesh, or Myanmar. The India-Bhutan border is generally settled and friendly, without the tensions seen in India's other land borders. Bhutan and China, however, have extensive boundary disputes, and the ongoing India-China-Bhutan trilateral dynamics around Doklam exemplify the complexities of Bhutan's geographic position.
The 'Blue Economy' framework relevant to India-Bangladesh-Sri Lanka-Maldives relations refers to:
Correct Answer: A. Use of ocean resources for economic growth while preserving marine health
The 'Blue Economy' framework refers to the sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and ocean ecosystem health. For India and its maritime neighbours (Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Maldives), the blue economy encompasses fisheries, aquaculture, maritime trade, tourism, deep-sea mining, and renewable ocean energy. India launched the SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) policy in 2015 as its Indian Ocean region strategy encompassing blue economy principles.
The Brahmaputra River that flows from Tibet through India into Bangladesh is known by what name in Bangladesh?
Correct Answer: B. Jamuna
The Brahmaputra River, which flows from the Tibetan Plateau through Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in India, enters Bangladesh where it is called the Jamuna River. In Bangladesh, the Jamuna eventually merges with the Padma (Ganges) near Goalanda to form the Meghna, which then flows into the Bay of Bengal. These three major rivers — Jamuna, Padma, and Meghna — form Bangladesh's river system.
How many enclaves were exchanged between India and Bangladesh under the 2015 Land Boundary Agreement?
Correct Answer: B. 111 Indian enclaves in Bangladesh, 51 Bangladeshi in India
Under the 2015 Land Boundary Agreement, India transferred 111 enclaves to Bangladesh and Bangladesh transferred 51 enclaves to India, for a total of 162 enclaves exchanged. The Indian enclaves in Bangladesh covered a larger total area (17,160 acres) compared to Bangladeshi enclaves in India (7,110 acres). Residents could choose their nationality, and most chose to remain in the country where they had lived.
Sri Lanka's ethnic conflict primarily involved which two communities?
Correct Answer: B. Sinhalese and Tamil
Sri Lanka's ethnic conflict primarily involved the majority Sinhalese community and the minority Tamil community, with the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) fighting for a separate Tamil homeland called Eelam in northern and eastern Sri Lanka. The conflict lasted from 1983 to 2009 when the Sri Lankan military defeated the LTTE militarily. India's intervention through the IPKF (1987-1990) was an attempt to broker peace during this conflict.
The Maldives' currency is the Maldivian Rufiyaa. India provides currency swap arrangements to Maldives. These swap lines were activated during:
Correct Answer: C. 2022-23 when Maldives faced foreign exchange pressure
India activated currency swap arrangements with Maldives during the 2022-23 period when Maldives faced significant foreign exchange pressure and declining tourism revenues. The Reserve Bank of India's SAARC Currency Swap Framework has been used to provide emergency foreign exchange support to Maldives and Sri Lanka. These arrangements reinforce India's role as the primary economic safety net for small island neighbours.
Nepal's KP Sharma Oli government was known for its anti-India posture and closer ties with China. Which disputed map did Nepal publish under his government?
Correct Answer: B. A new political map showing Kalapani, Lipulekh, and Limpiyadhura as Nepal's territory
Under KP Sharma Oli's government in June 2020, Nepal published a new political map showing Kalapani, Lipulekh, and Limpiyadhura as Nepali territory. This came shortly after India inaugurated a road to Lipulekh Pass. Nepal's parliament subsequently amended its constitution to incorporate the new map. The move significantly strained India-Nepal relations and was seen by India as a Chinese-influenced provocation.