Nuclear Policy: NPT, CTBT, NSG — Set 6
International Relations · परमाणु नीति: NPT, CTBT, NSG · Questions 51–60 of 158
What percentage of India's electricity is generated from nuclear power (approximately)?
Correct Answer: B. 3-4%
Nuclear power contributes approximately 3-4% of India's total electricity generation, though this share is planned to increase significantly. India has set an ambitious target to increase nuclear power capacity to 22,480 MW by 2031. The government plans to establish ten new pressurized heavy water reactors (PHWRs) in fleet mode.
The Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant in Tamil Nadu was built with the cooperation of which country?
Correct Answer: C. Russia
The Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant in Tamil Nadu was built with the technical and financial cooperation of Russia (Rosatom). Units 1 and 2 are operational, and additional units are under construction. It is India's largest nuclear power station and uses Russian VVER-1000 reactors.
Which Indian institution is the apex body for nuclear energy policy and research?
Correct Answer: C. Department of Atomic Energy (DAE)
The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) is the apex government body in India responsible for nuclear energy policy, research, and development. It oversees organizations like BARC, NPCIL, IGCAR, and others. The DAE is directly under the Prime Minister of India.
What is the full form of NPCIL?
Correct Answer: B. Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited
NPCIL stands for Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited. It is a government-owned corporation responsible for design, construction, and operation of nuclear power stations in India. NPCIL operates all of India's commercial nuclear power plants.
The concept of 'nuclear triad' refers to:
Correct Answer: B. Three delivery systems: land-based missiles, submarine-launched missiles, and aircraft
The nuclear triad refers to the three-legged structure of nuclear strike capabilities: land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs), and nuclear-capable aircraft. A triad is considered more survivable and therefore more credible as a deterrent. India is developing all three legs of its own nuclear triad.
INS Arihant is significant because it is:
Correct Answer: B. India's first nuclear ballistic missile submarine
INS Arihant is India's first indigenously built nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN). It was commissioned in 2016, giving India a second-strike capability through its sea leg of the nuclear triad. The submarine can carry Sagarika (K-15) submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs).
The Agni series of missiles are India's:
Correct Answer: C. Intermediate and intercontinental range ballistic missiles
The Agni series are India's intermediate and long-range ballistic missiles capable of carrying nuclear warheads. Agni-V, with a range exceeding 5,000 km, is India's longest-range ballistic missile. The missiles are developed by DRDO and form the land-based leg of India's nuclear triad.
Which country is NOT a signatory to the NPT but is believed to possess nuclear weapons?
Correct Answer: C. Israel
Israel is believed to possess nuclear weapons but has never officially confirmed or denied this, following a policy of 'nuclear ambiguity.' Israel has never signed the NPT. India, Pakistan, and North Korea are the other states outside the NPT with known or declared nuclear arsenals.
The Tarapur Atomic Power Station, India's oldest nuclear plant, was established with help from which country?
Correct Answer: C. USA
The Tarapur Atomic Power Station in Maharashtra was established with American assistance in the 1960s under the Atoms for Peace program. It was commissioned in 1969 and is India's oldest operating nuclear power plant. After 1974, the USA stopped supplying fuel to Tarapur due to India's nuclear test.
What is the 'right of recourse' clause in India's nuclear liability law that troubled foreign suppliers?
Correct Answer: B. Operator's right to seek compensation from equipment suppliers if their faulty equipment caused an accident
India's Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act (2010) includes a 'right of recourse' clause (Section 17b) that allows the nuclear operator to seek compensation from equipment suppliers if their faulty equipment caused or contributed to a nuclear accident. Foreign suppliers like the USA, France, and Russia found this clause problematic as it deviates from the international convention of operator-only liability. This clause significantly delayed the operationalization of the 2008 nuclear deal.