Peshwa Period & Maratha Wars — Set 3
Maharashtra GK · पेशवा काल और मराठा युद्ध · Questions 21–30 of 160
Which treaty ended the Second Anglo-Maratha War with the British gaining Odisha?
Correct Answer: C. Treaty of Deogaon
The Treaty of Deogaon was signed on December 17, 1803, between British General Arthur Wellesley and the Bhonsle ruler of Nagpur, ending that phase of the Second Anglo-Maratha War. Under this treaty, the British gained the province of Odisha (Cuttack). The war also included the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon with Scindia.
In which years was the Third Anglo-Maratha War fought?
Correct Answer: C. 1817-1818
The Third Anglo-Maratha War was fought from 1817 to 1818 between the British East India Company and the Maratha Confederacy. It was triggered by the Pindari War and the Marathas' refusal to accept British terms. The British decisively defeated the Marathas and effectively ended the Maratha Empire.
Who was the last Peshwa who surrendered to the British in the Third Anglo-Maratha War?
Correct Answer: D. Baji Rao II
Baji Rao II was the last Peshwa of the Maratha Empire who surrendered to the British after the Third Anglo-Maratha War in 1818. He was exiled to Bithur near Kanpur with a pension. His surrender effectively ended the independent Maratha Confederacy.
Which Maratha chief controlled the Gwalior region?
Correct Answer: D. Scindia
The Scindia (also written as Shinde) family controlled Gwalior and central India as one of the major chiefs of the Maratha Confederacy. They were one of the most powerful Maratha chiefs and often played a dominant role in confederacy politics. The Scindia dynasty continues to be influential in Indian politics today.
Which Maratha chief controlled Indore?
Correct Answer: B. Holkar
The Holkar family controlled Indore and Malwa as one of the five major chiefs of the Maratha Confederacy. Malhar Rao Holkar and later Ahilyabai Holkar (one of India's greatest women rulers) were the most famous rulers of this dynasty. The Holkars were known for their military prowess and effective administration.
Which Maratha chief controlled Baroda (Vadodara)?
Correct Answer: D. Gaekwad
The Gaekwad (Gaikwad) family controlled Baroda (Vadodara) in Gujarat as one of the five major chiefs of the Maratha Confederacy. They were originally military commanders under the Peshwas who established their own kingdom. The Gaekwad dynasty ruled Baroda until Indian independence in 1947.
Which Maratha chief controlled Nagpur?
Correct Answer: C. Bhonsle
The Bhonsle family of Nagpur (a different branch from the Satara Bhonsles) controlled the Nagpur region as one of the major Maratha chiefs. Raghuji Bhonsle was the founder of this branch and expanded Maratha control into Bengal and Odisha. The Nagpur Bhonsles were among the most powerful regional rulers in 18th century India.
Pune served as the capital of which ruling authority in the 18th century Maratha Empire?
Correct Answer: B. Peshwa
Pune (Poona) served as the seat of the Peshwas and was the effective capital of the Maratha Confederacy in the 18th century. The Peshwas' residence at Shaniwarwada was the center of Maratha political power. While Satara was the nominal royal capital, Pune was where real political decisions were made.
The Treaty of Bassein (1802) was signed between Peshwa Baji Rao II and which power?
Correct Answer: C. British East India Company
The Treaty of Bassein was signed on December 31, 1802, between Peshwa Baji Rao II and the British East India Company. Under this treaty, the Peshwa accepted British protection (subsidiary alliance) in exchange for military support against his enemies. This treaty was seen as a betrayal by other Maratha chiefs and led to the Second Anglo-Maratha War.
What was the significance of the Treaty of Bassein (1802)?
Correct Answer: B. Made Peshwa a British protectorate
The Treaty of Bassein (1802) made Peshwa Baji Rao II a British protectorate under the subsidiary alliance system. The Peshwa agreed to maintain British troops in his territory and pay for their upkeep. This effectively ended Maratha independence and triggered the Second Anglo-Maratha War when other Maratha chiefs refused to accept this arrangement.