Important Acts (Rowlatt, Montagu) — Set 5
National Movement · महत्वपूर्ण अधिनियम · Questions 41–50 of 120
The Charter Act of 1813 is also significant because it allowed which group to come to India?
Correct Answer: A. Christian missionaries
The Charter Act of 1813 allowed Christian missionaries to come to India and spread education and religion, which the Company had previously restricted out of fear of disturbing Hindu and Muslim sentiments. This opened the door for Western-style education in India. The act also allocated Rs. 1 lakh annually for Indian education.
The Government of India Act 1858 created which new position to represent the British Crown in India?
Correct Answer: B. Viceroy of India
The Government of India Act 1858 designated the Governor-General of India as the Viceroy of India, representing the British Crown. The Viceroy was the personal representative of the monarch in India. The first Viceroy was Lord Canning who had been serving as Governor-General during the Revolt of 1857.
The Indian Councils Act 1892 allowed non-official members of legislative councils to:
Correct Answer: C. Ask questions and discuss the budget (though not vote on it)
The Indian Councils Act 1892 allowed non-official members of legislative councils to ask questions of the executive and discuss the budget, though they could not vote on financial matters. This was a limited but significant expansion of legislative powers. The act also introduced an indirect element of election by allowing nominated members to be recommended by various bodies.
Morley-Minto Reforms are associated with the Government of which year?
Correct Answer: D. 1909
The Morley-Minto Reforms are associated with the Indian Councils Act of 1909. The reforms were named after Lord Morley (Secretary of State for India) and Lord Minto (Viceroy of India). The act enlarged the legislative councils and introduced separate electorates for Muslims, a measure that had far-reaching political consequences.
Lord Minto, associated with the Morley-Minto Reforms, held which position in India?
Correct Answer: A. Viceroy of India
Lord Minto served as the Viceroy of India from 1905 to 1910 and is associated with the Morley-Minto Reforms (Indian Councils Act 1909). He worked with Secretary of State John Morley to introduce these constitutional changes. Minto is particularly remembered for his role in accepting the Muslim League's demand for separate electorates.
What was the main criticism of dyarchy introduced by the Government of India Act 1919?
Correct Answer: B. It was unworkable as the reserved subjects (like finance) undermined the transferred subjects
The main criticism of dyarchy was that it was inherently unworkable because the reserved subjects (particularly finance and law and order) controlled by British officials could undermine the transferred subjects given to Indian ministers. Indian ministers could not effectively govern education or agriculture without adequate funding, which was controlled by the reserved side. Congress described dyarchy as 'a sham, a farce, and a fraud.'
The Central Legislative Assembly established by the Government of India Act 1919 was different from earlier councils because:
Correct Answer: C. It had a majority of elected members for the first time
The Central Legislative Assembly established by the Government of India Act 1919 was notable because it had a majority of elected members for the first time in central legislative history. Out of 145 members, 103 were elected. However, the Viceroy retained the power to certify bills and use his discretion on matters of safety and tranquility.
Lord Chelmsford served as Viceroy during which major events in India?
Correct Answer: D. Jallianwala Bagh massacre and introduction of Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
Lord Chelmsford served as Viceroy of India from 1916 to 1921 and presided over the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919 and the introduction of the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms (Government of India Act 1919). He also faced the beginning of Gandhi's mass movements including the Non-Cooperation Movement. His viceroyalty was marked by increased political agitation and constitutional reform.
Secretary of State Edwin Montagu is remembered in Indian history because:
Correct Answer: A. He declared that responsible government was Britain's policy for India and co-authored the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
Edwin Montagu is remembered for his August 1917 declaration stating that responsible government was Britain's policy for India, and for co-authoring the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms that became the Government of India Act 1919. He visited India in 1917-18 to consult with Indian leaders, an unprecedented step for a Secretary of State. He was a relatively sympathetic figure toward Indian aspirations compared to his predecessors.
The Government of India Act 1935 gave Burma which status?
Correct Answer: B. It was separated from India as a separate Crown Colony
The Government of India Act 1935 separated Burma from India, making it a separate Crown Colony governed by its own laws and constitution. Burma had been governed as part of British India since 1886. The separation was significant for both Burma and India and came into effect on April 1, 1937.