Quit India 1942 & INA-Bose
National Movement · भारत छोड़ो 1942 और INA-बोस
📋Quick Overview
The Quit India Movement (August 8, 1942) was the most radical mass movement of the freedom struggle, demanding immediate end to British rule. Gandhi's 'Do or Die' call led to a leaderless underground resistance after all major leaders were arrested the very next day. Simultaneously, Subhas Chandra Bose built the Indian National Army (INA) with Japanese support, launching armed struggle from Singapore with the dream of entering India through Imphal.
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Subhas Chandra Bose gave the slogan 'Jai Hind' and 'Delhi Chalo'. He called Gandhi 'Father of the Nation' — the first person to do so publicly.
📖Quit India Movement — Key Facts
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Date & Place | August 8, 1942 — AICC session at Gowalia Tank Maidan, Bombay (now August Kranti Maidan) |
| Resolution | 'Quit India' resolution passed; Gandhi delivered 'Do or Die' (Karo Ya Maro) speech |
| Mass Arrests | August 9, 1942 — Gandhi + Nehru + Patel + Azad + all top leaders arrested in early morning |
| Underground Leaders | Jayaprakash Narayan, Aruna Asaf Ali (unfurled INC flag at Gowalia Tank), Ram Manohar Lohia, Sucheta Kriplani |
| Parallel Govts | Satara (Maharashtra), Tamluk (Bengal), Ballia (UP) established parallel governments |
| British Response | Over 100,000 arrested, 1,000+ killed, property seized; movement suppressed by 1943 |
| Cripps Mission | March 1942 — Sir Stafford Cripps offered Dominion Status post-war; INC rejected (Gandhi called it 'post-dated cheque') |
📖Indian National Army (INA) — Azad Hind Fauj
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1942 — Rash Behari Bose established INA in Singapore with Indian POWs (after Singapore fell to Japan, Feb 1942) |
| Reorganised by SCB | Subhas Chandra Bose took command on July 4, 1943; expanded and reorganised INA |
| Slogans | 'Jai Hind', 'Delhi Chalo', 'Ittefaq, Itmad, Qurbani' (Unity, Faith, Sacrifice) |
| Rani of Jhansi Regiment | Women's unit of INA — led by Dr. Lakshmi Sahgal (Captain Lakshmi) |
| Azad Hind Govt | October 21, 1943, Singapore — Bose declared Provisional Government of Free India; Japan, Germany, Italy recognised it |
| Imphal-Kohima Campaign | 1944 — INA+Japanese advanced towards Assam but defeated at Imphal and Kohima |
| INA Trials | 1945-46 — Red Fort trials of INA officers (Shah Nawaz Khan, P.K. Sehgal, Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon) galvanised Indian public |
📖Subhas Chandra Bose — Life Timeline
- •Born: January 23, 1897, Cuttack, Odisha; studied at Presidency College Calcutta + Cambridge
- •ICS topped in England 1920 — resigned to join freedom struggle
- •INC President: 1938 (Haripura), 1939 (Tripuri) — resigned after clash with Gandhi + Congress old guard
- •Escaped India 1941 dressed as Pathan — reached Kabul → Moscow → Berlin (met Hitler)
- •Reached Japan via submarine 1943 — transferred from German U-boat to Japanese submarine in Indian Ocean
- •Died: August 18, 1945 — plane crash in Taihoku (Taipei, Taiwan) — cause remains disputed to this day