Inventions — Set 4
Physics · आविष्कार · Questions 31–40 of 60
Who invented the fiber optic cable for high-speed communication?
Correct Answer: D. Charles Kao
Charles Kao calculated how light could be transmitted over long distances through glass fibers. His work on low-loss fiber optics enabled the digital revolution and modern internet speeds. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for this groundbreaking achievement.
Which device was invented by Benjamin Franklin to help people with vision problems?
Correct Answer: D. Bifocal Lenses
Benjamin Franklin invented bifocals so he wouldn't have to switch between two pairs of glasses. They consist of lenses with two different focal lengths in a single frame. This allowed him to see both distant objects and close text clearly.
The invention of the diesel engine is named after?
Correct Answer: A. Rudolf Diesel
Rudolf Diesel designed an engine that ignites fuel using the heat of highly compressed air. This process is more efficient than the spark-ignition system used in gasoline engines. Diesel engines are now common in ships, trucks, and heavy machinery.
Who is credited with inventing the first mechanical clock?
Correct Answer: B. Yi Xing
Yi Xing, a Chinese monk and mathematician, is credited with the first mechanical escapement mechanism. Later, Peter Henlein created the first portable watch known as the 'Nuremberg Egg'. Christian Huygens eventually invented the more accurate pendulum clock in 1656.
The invention of the transistor, which replaced vacuum tubes, was achieved at?
Correct Answer: B. Bell Labs
John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley invented the transistor at Bell Labs in 1947. This tiny semiconductor device can switch or amplify electronic signals and power. It is the fundamental building block of all modern digital electronic devices.
Who invented the first solar cell capable of converting sunlight to electricity?
Correct Answer: B. Charles Fritts
Charles Fritts created the first solid-state solar cell using selenium coated with a thin layer of gold. Although it had very low efficiency, it proved the principle of photovoltaic conversion. Modern high-efficiency silicon solar cells were later developed at Bell Laboratories.
The invention of the parachute in its first practical form is attributed to?
Correct Answer: D. Louis-Sebastien Lenormand
Louis-Sebastien Lenormand made the first recorded successful jump with a wooden-framed parachute in 1783. He coined the word 'parachute' from the Greek and French words for 'against' and 'fall'. Later designs replaced the rigid frame with foldable silk or nylon.
Which scientist invented the first vacuum pump?
Correct Answer: C. Otto von Guericke
Otto von Guericke invented the vacuum pump to study the properties of empty space. He famously demonstrated the strength of atmospheric pressure using the Magdeburg Hemispheres. His work helped disprove the ancient belief that 'nature abhors a vacuum'.
The invention of the telescope is most commonly associated with which Dutch spectacle maker?
Correct Answer: C. Hans Lippershey
Hans Lippershey applied for the first patent for a refracting telescope in 1608. He discovered that aligning two lenses could make distant objects appear much closer. Galileo Galilei soon improved upon this design for astronomical observations and discoveries.
Who invented the steel plow, which revolutionized agriculture in the mid-19th century?
Correct Answer: B. John Deere
John Deere developed a polished steel plow that could cut through sticky prairie soil easily. Previously, farmers used iron plows that required constant cleaning from clinging dirt. This invention allowed for the rapid expansion of farming in the American Midwest.