Municipalities & 74th Amendment — Set 1

Correct Answer: A. Process of acquiring private land for public purposes by government

The correct answer is Process of acquiring private land for public purposes by government. Urban land acquisition is the government's process to acquire land for public projects. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.

Correct Answer: A. Acquisition with just compensation and rehabilitation of displaced persons

The correct answer is Acquisition with just compensation and rehabilitation of displaced persons. The Land Acquisition Act, 2013 ensures fair compensation and rehabilitation. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.

Correct Answer: A. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana and other subsidized housing programs

The correct answer is Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana and other subsidized housing programs. Government promotes PMAY and affordable housing schemes. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.

Correct Answer: A. To ensure equitable distribution and efficient use of urban land

The correct answer is To ensure equitable distribution and efficient use of urban land. Urban land reforms aim at equitable distribution and efficient use. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.

Correct Answer: A. Initiative to provide dignified housing to slum residents

The correct answer is Initiative to provide dignified housing to slum residents. Slum rehabilitation provides dignified housing to residents. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.

Correct Answer: B. Urban local bodies/Municipalities

The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 1992 gave constitutional status to Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) or Municipalities. It added Part IX-A to the Constitution with Articles 243-P to 243-ZG. The amendment created a three-tier urban governance system: Nagar Panchayat, Municipal Council, and Municipal Corporation. The 12th Schedule lists 18 subjects for municipalities.

Correct Answer: C. 12th Schedule

The correct answer is 12th Schedule. The 12th Schedule of the Constitution, added by the 74th Amendment, lists 18 subjects that may be transferred to Urban Local Bodies. These include urban planning, land use regulation, road construction, public health, solid waste management, fire services, urban poverty alleviation, provision of parks and playgrounds, protection of environment, and promotion of cultural activities. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.

Correct Answer: B. Transitional areas between rural and urban

A Nagar Panchayat is the lowest tier of Urban Local Bodies established for transitional areas that are developing from rural to urban character. The 74th Amendment provides for its establishment. It represents small towns and growing settlements that are not yet fully urban. Above Nagar Panchayat is Municipal Council for smaller urban areas and Municipal Corporation for larger cities.

Correct Answer: C. 3 lakh or more

Ward Committees are mandatory in municipalities having a population of 3 lakh or more as per the 74th Constitutional Amendment. Each ward committee consists of one or more wards. The ward committee enables citizens to participate in local governance at the ward level. State legislatures determine the composition, territorial area, and functions of ward committees.

Correct Answer: B. Urban infrastructure development in cities

AMRUT (Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation) is a centrally sponsored scheme launched in 2015 for development of basic urban infrastructure in 500 cities. The scheme focuses on water supply, sewerage facilities, storm water drains, urban transport, green spaces, and parks. AMRUT 2.0 was launched in 2021 with expanded scope for water security in all statutory towns.