Cyber Security
Technology · साइबर सुरक्षा
📋Quick Overview
Cyber security is the practice of protecting systems, networks, and data from digital attacks. India established CERT-In (Computer Emergency Response Team) in 2004 as the nodal agency for cyber security. The Information Technology Act, 2000 is India's primary law governing cybercrime and electronic commerce. India ranks among the top 5 countries targeted by cyber attacks.
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CERT-In (est. 2004) under Ministry of Electronics & IT is India's cyber security nodal agency
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IT Act 2000: India's first cyber law; amended in 2008 to add stricter provisions
📖Types of Cyber Attacks
| Attack | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Phishing | Fake emails/websites to steal data | Fake bank login pages |
| Malware | Malicious software (virus, worm, trojan) | WannaCry ransomware (2017) |
| Ransomware | Encrypts data, demands ransom | WannaCry, Petya attacks |
| DDoS | Floods server with traffic | Website crashes due to overload |
| SQL Injection | Exploits database vulnerabilities | Accessing private data from websites |
| Man-in-the-Middle | Intercepts communication | Eavesdropping on WiFi networks |
| Zero-Day | Exploits unknown vulnerabilities | Attack before patch is available |
📝Key Cyber Security Concepts
- •Firewall: network security device that monitors and filters incoming/outgoing traffic
- •Encryption: converting data into code to prevent unauthorized access (AES, RSA)
- •VPN: Virtual Private Network — creates secure tunnel over public network
- •Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): extra security layer beyond password
- •Digital Signature: electronic equivalent of handwritten signature for authenticity
- •National Cyber Security Policy 2013: India's framework for cyber security
- •Ethical Hacking (White Hat): authorized testing of system security