Satellites — Set 5
Technology · उपग्रह · Questions 41–50 of 50
Who is considered the 'Father of Indian Space Program'?
Correct Answer: B. Vikram Sarabhai
Dr. Vikram Sarabhai was instrumental in establishing the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). He believed that space technology could solve the real problems of man and society. India's first satellite, Aryabhata, was a result of his visionary efforts.
Which satellite is famously known for discovering the hole in the Ozone layer?
Correct Answer: B. Nimbus-7
The Nimbus-7 satellite carried a Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) that provided evidence of the ozone hole over Antarctica. This discovery led to the Montreal Protocol, an international treaty to protect the ozone layer. It demonstrated the vital role of satellites in environmental science.
What is the name of India's regional navigation satellite system?
Correct Answer: A. IRNSS (NavIC)
The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), commercially known as NavIC, provides accurate positioning over India and its neighbors. It consists of a constellation of seven satellites. It was designed to provide independent navigation services for the Indian region.
Which satellite was the first to take a photograph of the entire Earth from space?
Correct Answer: B. Explorer 6
Explorer 6, launched by the USA in 1959, captured the first television image of the Earth from orbit. However, the famous 'Blue Marble' full-disc photograph was taken by the crew of Apollo 17 in 1972. These images fundamentally changed the human perspective of our home planet.
What is the typical lifespan of a modern geostationary communication satellite?
Correct Answer: B. 10 to 15 years
Modern satellites are built to operate for 12 to 15 years before their fuel or hardware exhausts. Once the fuel is finished, the satellite can no longer maintain its precise position. Redundancy and high-quality components are used to ensure reliability throughout this period.
Which orbit is closest to the Earth's surface?
Correct Answer: C. Low Earth Orbit
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is at an altitude of about 160 to 2,000 km. It is used for satellites that need high resolution for imaging or low signal delay. The International Space Station is the most famous object in this orbit.
Which part of a satellite acts as its 'brain', controlling all electronic functions?
Correct Answer: B. On-board Computer
The on-board computer manages data processing, executes commands from the ground, and monitors satellite health. It ensures that all systems work together to perform the mission successfully. Without it, the satellite would be a piece of uncontrolled metal in space.
Which Indian satellite was the first to be launched from an Indian-made launch vehicle?
Correct Answer: B. Rohini RS-1
Rohini RS-1 was successfully placed in orbit in 1980 by the SLV-3 rocket. This achievement made India a member of the exclusive 'Space Club' of nations with indigenous launch capabilities. The mission was a major milestone for ISRO and its team of engineers.
What is 'Space Debris'?
Correct Answer: B. Man-made objects in space that no longer serve a purpose
Space debris includes old satellites, spent rocket stages, and small fragments from collisions. These objects orbit Earth at very high speeds and pose a threat to functional satellites and the ISS. International agencies are working on technologies to clean up this 'space junk'.
Which satellite system is used to study global climate change and weather patterns?
Correct Answer: A. Meteorological satellites
Meteorological satellites carry sensors to measure cloud cover, temperature, and atmospheric pressure. They provide the data needed for daily weather forecasts and long-term climate studies. INSAT-3DR and METSAT are examples of such satellites used by India.