Top 230 Profit and Loss Questions for Competitive Exams [100%
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Top 230 Profit and Loss Questions
21. The price of two articles is in the ratio of 4 : 3 respectively. The price of first article is increased by 50% and the price of second article is decreased by 10%. If the new price of second article is Rs. 54, then what was the original price of first article?
दो वस्तुओं का मूल्य क्रमशः 4 : 3 के अनुपात में है। पहले वस्तु के मूल्य में 50% की वृद्धि और दूसरे वस्तु के मूल्य में 10% की कमी आ जाती है। यदि दूसरे वस्तु का नया मूल्य 54 रुपये है, तो पहले वस्तु का वास्तविक मूल्य क्या था?
Option”B” is correct
Let the original price of the second article be 100
According to the question price of the second article decreased by 10%
So 90 = Rs. 54
⇒ 1 = Rs. 54 / 90
⇒ 100 = Rs. (54 / 90) × 100
⇒ Rs. 60
So the original price of the second article = Rs. 60
According to the question original price of the first and second article in the ratio = 4 : 3
So 3 = Rs. 60
⇒ 4 = Rs. 80
∴ The original price of the first article is Rs. 80
22.Selling price of first article is Rs. 960 and cost price of second article is Rs. 960. If there is a profit of 20% on first article and loss of 20% on second article, then, what will be the total loss?
पहली वस्तु का विक्रय मूल्य 960 रुपये है और दूसरी वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य 960 रुपये है। यदि पहली वस्तु पर 20% का लाभ होता है और दूसरी वस्तु पर 20% की हानि होती है, तो कुल हानि क्या होगी?
Option”D” is correct
After profit of 20%, CP of first article = 960 × (100/120) = Rs. 800
After loss of 20%, SP of 2nd article = 960 × (80/100) = Rs. 768
Total CP of both article = 800 + 960 = Rs. 1760
Total SP of both article = 960 + 768 = Rs. 1728
∴ Total loss = 1760 – 1728 = Rs. 32
23. Suman sold an article for Rs 882 after allowing 16% discount on its marked price. Had she not allowed any discount, she would have gained 20% on the cost price. What is the cost price of the article?
सुमन ने एक वस्तु को इसके अंकित मूल्य पर 16% छूट देने के बाद 882 रुपये में बेचा। यदि उसने कोई छूट नहीं दी होती, तो उसे क्रय मूल्य पर 20% का फायदा होता। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य क्या है?
Option”D” is correct
Marked price = 882/[(100 – 16)/100)]
Marked Price = Rs. 1050
According to question
New Discount = 0%
Cost price : 1050 = (100 – 0) : (100 + 20)
Cost Price = 1050 × 100/120
Cost Price = 875
24. After allowing a discount of 12 1/2% on the marked price of an article. it was sold for ₹700. Had the discount NOT been given, the profit would have been 60%.The cost price of the article is:
एक वस्तु के अंकित मूल्य पर 12 1/2% की छूट देने के बाद, इसे 700 रुपये में बेचा जाता है। यदि छूट नहीं दी गई होती, तो लाभ 60% होता। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य है:
Option”A” is correct
⇒ 700 = Mp × 7/8
⇒ Mp = 800
⇒ The marked price of the article = Rs 800
when the discount has not been given then Marked and selling price will be same = Rs 800 and profit will be 60% = 3/5
⇒ Sp = Cp × profit% ⇒ Cp = 800 × 5/8 = 500
∴ The cost price of the article when there is no discount is given to the Marked price = Rs 500
25. A shopkeeper marks the price of an article 25% above its cost price. After allowing 10% discount on the marketprice, the article is sold for ₹720. What is the difference (in ₹) between the cost price and marketprice of the article?
एक दुकानदार एक वस्तु के मूल्य को उसके क्रय मूल्य से 25% अधिक अंकित करता है। अंकित मूल्य पर 10% की छूट देने के बाद, वस्तु को ₹720 में बेचा जाता है। वस्तु के क्रय मूल्य और अंकित मूल्य के बीच (₹ में) क्या अंतर है?
Option”A” is correct
Let the marked price of an article is x, and the cost price of an article is y.
Discount = MP × Discount%
⇒ x × 10%
⇒ x/10
Now, SP = x – x/10
⇒ x – x/10 = 720
⇒ 9x = 720 × 10
⇒ x = 800
Now, MP is 800 Rs,
MP is 25% above the cost price is
⇒ y + y × 25% = 800
⇒ y + y/4 = 800
⇒ 5y = 800 × 4
⇒ y = 640
Now, cost price of article is 640 Rs
So, the difference between cost price and marked price of article is
⇒ 800 – 640
⇒ 160 Rs
∴ 160
26. A person purchases 40 items at Rs. 10 each. He sells a part of them at 25% profit and the remaining at 10% loss. The net profit is 4% in this transaction. The number of items he sold at a loss, is:
एक व्यक्ति 10 रुपये प्रत्येक में 40 वस्तुएं खरीदता है। वह उनमें से 25% लाभ पर और शेष 10% हानि पर बेचता है। इस लेनदेन में शुद्ध लाभ 4% है। उसके द्वारा हानि पर बेची गई वस्तुओं की संख्या है:
Option”D” is correct
25% (-10%)
4%
14 : 21
Ratio of times sell at 25% to that of 10% loss = 14 : 21 = 2 : 3
According to the question
2 + 3 = 5 unit
5 unit = 40 items
1 unit = 40/5 = 8 unit
Number of items sells at 10% loss = 8 × 3 = 24 items.
27. The difference between the selling prices of some articles if sold for Rs. 12 per article instead of Rs. 9 per article is Rs. 150. If the cost price of these articles is Rs. 250, then find the selling price of 21 articles if profit earned is 20%.
यदि कुछ वस्तुओं को 9 रुपए प्रति वस्तु की बजाए 12 रुपए प्रति वस्तु में बेचा जाता है तो उनके विक्रय मूल्य के बीच का अंतर 150 रुपए है। यदि इन वस्तुओं का क्रय मूल्य 250 रुपए है, तो 21 वस्तुओं का विक्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए यदि प्राप्त किया गया लाभ 20% है।
Option”D” is correct
Let the number of article be x.
Selling price at Rs. 12 per article – Selling price at Rs. 9 per article = 150
⇒ 12x – 9x = 150
⇒ 3x = 150
⇒ x = 50
Cost price per article = Total cost price/Number of article
⇒ 250/50
⇒ Rs. 5
Selling price = Number of article × Cost price × (100 + profit %)/100
⇒ 21 × 5 × (100 + 20)/100
⇒ 105 × 120/100
⇒ 126
∴ The selling price of 21 articles with 20% profit is Rs. 126.
28. A dealer marks his goods at 40% above the cost price. He sells 60% of the goods at the marked price giving 10% discount and the rest by giving 50% discount on the marked price. What is his overall profit/loss percent?
एक डीलर क्रय मूल्य से 40% ऊपर अपने माल को चिह्नित करता है। वह अंकित मूल्य पर 10% छूट दे कर 60% सामान बेचता है, और बाकी को अंकित मूल्य पर 50% छूट देकर बेचता है। उसका समग्र लाभ/हानि प्रतिशत क्या है?
Let the CP be Rs.100 and the Goods be 100 unit.
MP = (100×140)/100
MP = 140
Total Goods price = 100 × 100
Total Goods price = 10000
Selling price of 60% goods = (60×100)/100
SP = 60
Giving 10% discount on the MP
⇒ 140(100−10)/100
⇒ 14 × 9
SP = 126
Total SP = 126 × 60
Total SP = 7560
40% of other goods sold at 50% discount
⇒ 100×40/100×140×(100−50)/100
⇒ 4 × 14 × 50
SP = 2800
Total SP = 2800 + 7560
Total SP = 10360
Gain = 10360 – 10000
Gain = 360
Gain% = 360/1000×100
Gain% = 3.6%
29. Amit sold an article for Rs. 7,000 and incurred a loss. Had he sold it for Rs. 8,750, his gain would have been three-fourth of the amount of loss that he incurred. At what price should he sell the article to get 10% profit?
अमित ने एक वस्तु को 7000 रुपये में बेचा और उसे हानि उठानी पड़ी। यदि वह उसे 8,750 रुपये में बेचता, तो उसका लाभ उठाई गई हानि का तीन-चौथाई होता। 10% लाभ प्राप्त करने के लिए उसे किस कीमत पर वस्तु को बेचना चाहिए?
Rs. 8,400
Rs. 8,800
Rs. 8,000
Rs. 7,800
Option”B” is correct
Let loss be x
C.P = S.P + x
⇒ C.P =7000 + x
Now, S.P = 8750 Rs
Gain = (3/4) × Loss
⇒ S.P – C.P = x × 3/4
⇒ 8750 – (7000 + x) = 3x/4
⇒ 8750 – 7000 – x = 3x/4
⇒ 1750 = 3x/4 + x
⇒ x = 1000 Rs
C.P = 7000 + x = 7000 + 1000
⇒ C.P = 8000 Rs
For 10% profit
S.P = (8000 × 110)/100
⇒ S.P = 8800 Rs
∴ S.P to gain 10% profit is 8800 Rs
30. A shopkeeper gives an initial discount of 15% on the marked price of the sewing machine. He then gives 8% additional discount on the discounted price. If the final sale price of the machine is Rs. 1,564, find the marked price.
एक दुकानदार सिलाई मशीन के अंकित मूल्य पर 15% की शुरुआती छूट देता है। फिर वह छूट मूल्य पर 8% अतिरिक्त छूट देता है। यदि मशीन का अंतिम विक्रय मूल्य 1,564 रुपये है तो, अंकित मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये।
Rs. 3,000
Rs. 2,500
Rs. 2,000
Rs. 3,500
Option”C” is correct
Let the markup price be Rs.x
Selling price when 15% discount is given = x × (100 – 15)/100
⇒ 85x/100
⇒ 0.85x
After giving an additional discount of 8% on discounted price, now the selling price = 0.85x × (100 – 8)/100
⇒ 0.85x × 92/100
⇒ 0.782x
According to the question, Selling price = Rs. 1,564