Top 230 Profit and Loss Questions for Competitive Exams [100%

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Profit and loss questions are pivotal in understanding how the mechanics of business operate. Let’s break it down: If you sell a product for more than its original purchase price, you make a profit. On the contrary, if you sell it for less than what you spent on it, you incur a loss. Now, wouldn’t it be wonderful to have all your profit and loss questions in Hindi or in any other language you prefer? This is precisely where profit and loss aptitude questions come in handy, assisting learners in grasping these fundamental concepts.

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Moreover, as a bonus for our readers, here are some key formulas that come in handy when tackling profit and loss questions:

  1. Profit = Selling Price – Cost Price
  2. Loss = Cost Price – Selling Price
  3. Profit % = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100%
  4. Loss% = (Loss / Cost Price) × 100%
  5. Selling Price = [(100 + Profit%)/100] × Cost Price
  6. Cost Price = [100/(100 + Profit%)] × Selling Price
  7. Selling Price = [(100 – Loss%)/100] × Cost Price
  8. Cost Price = [100/(100 – Loss%)] × Selling Price
  9. Discount = Marked Price – Selling Price

In conclusion, whether you’re diving deep into profit and loss questions with solutions, looking for profit and loss aptitude questions, or even if your focus is primarily on profit and loss questions in Hindi or profit and loss questions in Hindi PDF, this guide aims to be your trusted companion on this journey.

Top 230 Profit and Loss Questions

21. The price of two articles is in the ratio of 4 : 3 respectively. The price of first article is increased by 50% and the price of second article is decreased by 10%. If the new price of second article is Rs. 54, then what was the original price of first article?

दो वस्तुओं का मूल्य क्रमशः 4 : 3 के अनुपात में है। पहले वस्तु के मूल्य में 50% की वृद्धि और दूसरे वस्तु के मूल्य में 10% की कमी आ जाती है। यदि दूसरे वस्तु का नया मूल्य 54 रुपये है, तो पहले वस्तु का वास्तविक मूल्य क्या था?


Option”B” is correct

Let the original price of the second article be 100

According to the question price of the second article decreased by 10%

So 90 = Rs. 54

⇒ 1 = Rs. 54 / 90

⇒ 100 = Rs. (54 / 90) × 100

⇒ Rs. 60

So the original price of the second article = Rs. 60

According to the question original price of the first and second article in the ratio = 4 : 3

So 3 = Rs. 60

⇒ 4 = Rs. 80

∴ The original price of the first article is Rs. 80

22.Selling price of first article is Rs. 960 and cost price of second article is Rs. 960. If there is a profit of 20% on first article and loss of 20% on second article, then, what will be the total loss?

पहली वस्तु का विक्रय मूल्य 960 रुपये है और दूसरी वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य 960 रुपये है। यदि पहली वस्तु पर 20% का लाभ होता है और दूसरी वस्तु पर 20% की हानि होती है, तो कुल हानि क्या होगी?


Option”D” is correct

After profit of 20%, CP of first article = 960 × (100/120) = Rs. 800

After loss of 20%, SP of 2nd article = 960 × (80/100) = Rs. 768

Total CP of both article = 800 + 960 = Rs. 1760

Total SP of both article = 960 + 768 = Rs. 1728

∴ Total loss = 1760 – 1728 = Rs. 32

23. Suman sold an article for Rs 882 after allowing 16% discount on its marked price. Had she not allowed any discount, she would have gained 20% on the cost price. What is the cost price of the article?

सुमन ने एक वस्तु को इसके अंकित मूल्य पर 16% छूट देने के बाद 882 रुपये में बेचा। यदि उसने कोई छूट नहीं दी होती, तो उसे क्रय मूल्य पर 20% का फायदा होता। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य क्या है?


Option”D” is correct

Marked price = 882/[(100 – 16)/100)]

Marked Price = Rs. 1050

According to question

New Discount = 0%

Cost price : 1050 = (100 – 0) : (100 + 20)

Cost Price = 1050 × 100/120

Cost Price = 875

24. After allowing a discount of 12 1/2% on the marked price of an article. it was sold for ₹700. Had the discount NOT been given, the profit would have been 60%.The cost price of the article is:

एक वस्तु के अंकित मूल्य पर 12 1/2% की छूट देने के बाद, इसे 700 रुपये में बेचा जाता है। यदि छूट नहीं दी गई होती, तो लाभ 60% होता। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य है:


Option”A” is correct

⇒ 700 = Mp × 7/8 

⇒ Mp = 800

⇒ The marked price of the article = Rs 800

when the discount has not been given then Marked and selling price will be same = Rs 800 and profit will be 60% = 3/5 

⇒ Sp = Cp × profit% ⇒ Cp = 800 × 5/8 = 500

∴ The cost price of the article when there is no discount is given to the Marked price = Rs 500

25. A shopkeeper marks the price of an article 25% above its cost price. After allowing 10% discount on the marketprice, the article is sold for ₹720. What is the difference (in ₹) between the cost price and marketprice of the article?

एक दुकानदार एक वस्तु के मूल्य को उसके क्रय मूल्य से 25% अधिक अंकित करता है। अंकित मूल्य पर 10% की छूट देने के बाद, वस्तु को ₹720 में बेचा जाता है। वस्तु के क्रय मूल्य और अंकित मूल्य के बीच (₹ में) क्या अंतर है?


Option”A” is correct

Let the marked price of an article is x, and the cost price of an article is y.

Discount = MP × Discount%

⇒ x × 10%

⇒ x/10

Now, SP = x – x/10

⇒ x – x/10 = 720

⇒ 9x = 720 × 10

⇒ x = 800

Now, MP is 800 Rs, 

MP is 25% above the cost price is

⇒ y + y × 25% = 800

⇒ y + y/4 = 800

⇒ 5y = 800 × 4

⇒ y = 640

Now, cost price of article is 640 Rs

So, the difference between cost price and marked price of article is 

⇒ 800 – 640

⇒ 160 Rs

∴ 160 

26. A person purchases 40 items at Rs. 10 each. He sells a part of them at 25% profit and the remaining at 10% loss. The net profit is 4% in this transaction. The number of items he sold at a loss, is:

एक व्यक्ति 10 रुपये प्रत्येक में 40 वस्तुएं खरीदता है। वह उनमें से 25% लाभ पर और शेष 10% हानि पर बेचता है। इस लेनदेन में शुद्ध लाभ 4% है। उसके द्वारा हानि पर बेची गई वस्तुओं की संख्या है:


Option”D” is correct

25%       (-10%)

         4%

14       :      21

Ratio of times sell at 25% to that of 10% loss = 14 : 21 = 2 : 3

According to the question

2 + 3 = 5 unit

5 unit = 40 items

1 unit = 40/5 = 8 unit

Number of items sells at 10% loss = 8 × 3 = 24 items.

27. The difference between the selling prices of some articles if sold for Rs. 12 per article instead of Rs. 9 per article is Rs. 150. If the cost price of these articles is Rs. 250, then find the selling price of 21 articles if profit earned is 20%.

यदि कुछ वस्तुओं को 9 रुपए प्रति वस्तु की बजाए 12 रुपए प्रति वस्तु में बेचा जाता है तो उनके विक्रय मूल्य के बीच का अंतर 150 रुपए है। यदि इन वस्तुओं का क्रय मूल्य 250 रुपए है, तो 21 वस्तुओं का विक्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए यदि प्राप्त किया गया लाभ 20% है।


Option”D” is correct

Let the number of article be x.

Selling price at Rs. 12 per article – Selling price at Rs. 9 per article = 150

⇒ 12x – 9x = 150

⇒ 3x = 150

⇒ x = 50

Cost price per article = Total cost price/Number of article

⇒ 250/50

⇒ Rs. 5

Selling price = Number of article × Cost price × (100 + profit %)/100

⇒ 21 × 5 × (100 + 20)/100

⇒ 105 × 120/100

⇒ 126

∴ The selling price of 21 articles with 20% profit is Rs. 126.

28. A dealer marks his goods at 40% above the cost price. He sells 60% of the goods at the marked price giving 10% discount and the rest by giving 50% discount on the marked price. What is his overall profit/loss percent?

एक डीलर क्रय मूल्य से 40% ऊपर अपने माल को चिह्नित करता है। वह अंकित मूल्य पर 10% छूट दे कर 60% सामान बेचता है, और बाकी को अंकित मूल्य पर 50% छूट देकर बेचता है। उसका समग्र लाभ/हानि प्रतिशत क्या है?


Let the CP be Rs.100 and the Goods be 100 unit.

MP = (100×140)/100

MP = 140

Total Goods price = 100 × 100

Total Goods price = 10000

Selling price of 60% goods = (60×100)/100

SP = 60

Giving 10% discount on the MP

⇒ 140(10010)/100

⇒ 14 × 9

SP = 126

Total SP = 126 × 60

Total SP = 7560

40% of other goods sold at 50% discount

⇒ 100×40/100×140×(100−50)/100

⇒ 4 × 14 × 50

SP = 2800

Total SP = 2800 + 7560

Total SP = 10360

Gain = 10360 – 10000

Gain = 360

Gain% = 360/1000×100

Gain% = 3.6%

29. Amit sold an article for Rs. 7,000 and incurred a loss. Had he sold it for Rs. 8,750, his gain would have been three-fourth of the amount of loss that he incurred. At what price should he sell the article to get 10% profit?

अमित ने एक वस्तु को 7000 रुपये में बेचा और उसे हानि उठानी पड़ी। यदि वह उसे 8,750 रुपये में बेचता, तो उसका लाभ उठाई गई हानि का तीन-चौथाई होता। 10% लाभ प्राप्त करने के लिए उसे किस कीमत पर वस्तु को बेचना चाहिए?


Option”B” is correct

Let loss be x

C.P = S.P + x

⇒ C.P =7000 + x

Now, S.P = 8750 Rs

Gain = (3/4) × Loss

⇒ S.P – C.P = x × 3/4

⇒ 8750 – (7000 + x) = 3x/4 

⇒ 8750 – 7000 – x = 3x/4 

⇒ 1750 = 3x/4 + x

⇒ x = 1000 Rs   

C.P = 7000 + x = 7000 + 1000

⇒ C.P = 8000 Rs

For 10% profit

S.P = (8000 × 110)/100

⇒ S.P = 8800 Rs

∴ S.P to gain 10% profit is 8800 Rs

30. A shopkeeper gives an initial discount of 15% on the marked price of the sewing machine. He then gives 8% additional discount on the discounted price. If the final sale price of the machine is Rs. 1,564, find the marked price.

एक दुकानदार सिलाई मशीन के अंकित मूल्य पर 15% की शुरुआती छूट देता है। फिर वह छूट मूल्य पर 8% अतिरिक्त छूट देता है। यदि मशीन का अंतिम विक्रय मूल्य 1,564 रुपये है तो, अंकित मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये।


Option”C” is correct

Let the markup price be Rs.x

Selling price when 15% discount is given = x × (100 – 15)/100

⇒ 85x/100

⇒ 0.85x

After giving an additional discount of 8% on discounted price, now the selling price = 0.85x × (100 – 8)/100

⇒ 0.85x × 92/100

⇒ 0.782x

According to the question, Selling price = Rs. 1,564

⇒ 0.782x = 1,564

⇒ x = 1564/0.782

⇒ x = Rs. 2000

∴ The markup price is Rs. 2000