Space & Science — Set 5

Correct Answer: B. Electrocardiogram

• **Electrocardiogram** = ECG is a medical test that records the electrical activity of the heart. • It helps in detecting heart problems like arrhythmias and heart attacks using **electrodes** attached to the skin. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Electronic Cardiogram: incorrect term 'Electronic'; Energy Cardiogram: incorrect full form; Electrical Cardiac Graph: incorrect term 'Electrical' and 'Graph'.

Correct Answer: D. Global Positioning System

• **Global Positioning System** = GPS is a network of satellites orbiting Earth, providing geolocation and time information. • It consists of about **30 satellites** orbiting at an altitude of 20,000 km. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Geographical Positioning System: incorrect term 'Geographical'; Global Positioning Science: incorrect term 'Science'; General Positioning System: incorrect term 'General'.

Correct Answer: A. Uniform Resource Locator

• **Uniform Resource Locator** = URL is the address of a unique resource on the web. • It usually consists of a **protocol** (like http), a domain name, and a path. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Universal Resource Locator: incorrect term 'Universal'; Uniform Research Locator: incorrect term 'Research'; Universal Radio Link: incorrect full form.

Correct Answer: B. World Wide Web

• **World Wide Web** = WWW is an information system where web resources are identified by URLs. • It was invented by **Tim Berners-Lee** in 1989. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Wide World Web: incorrect first word; Web World Wide: incorrect word order; World Wide West: incorrect last word.

Correct Answer: A. Indian Space Research Organisation

• **Indian Space Research Organisation** = ISRO is the space agency of the Government of India. • It has launched several successful missions like **Mangalyaan** and Chandrayaan. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Indian Science Research Organisation: incorrect term 'Science'; Independent Space Research Organisation: incorrect term 'Independent'; International Space Research Organisation: incorrect term 'International'.

Correct Answer: B. Light Emitting Diode

• **Light Emitting Diode** = It is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it. • **75%** — LEDs consume up to 75% less energy than traditional incandescent bulbs, contributing to higher energy efficiency. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Light Emitting Device]: 'Device' is too general; the specific component is a diode; [Liquid Emitting Diode]: There is no such standard term for LED technology; [Low Energy Diode]: While LEDs are low energy, this is not the full form of the acronym.

Correct Answer: B. National Aeronautics and Space Administration

• **National Aeronautics and Space Administration** = It is the U.S. government agency responsible for space exploration and aeronautics research. • **1958** — NASA was established by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, replacing the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [National Association of Space Applications]: 'Association' and 'Applications' are incorrect; [North American Space Administration]: 'North American' is incorrect; it is a U.S. agency; [National Aerospace and Science Agency]: 'Aerospace and Science Agency' is not the correct administration name.

Correct Answer: C. Random Access Memory

• **Random Access Memory** = It is a form of computer data storage that allows data to be accessed in any order, regardless of its physical location. • **Volatile memory** — RAM is characterized as volatile memory, meaning all data stored in it is lost when the computer is powered off. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Rapid Access Memory]: While RAM is rapid, this is not the correct full form; [Read Access Memory]: This term implies read-only access, which is incorrect for RAM; [Real Access Memory]: This is not a recognized term in computer science for RAM.

Correct Answer: B. Hypertext Transfer Protocol

• **Hypertext Transfer Protocol** = It is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web, defining how messages are formatted and transmitted. • **Port 80** — HTTP traffic primarily uses Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) port 80, while HTTPS (secure HTTP) uses port 443. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Hypertext Transmission Protocol]: 'Transmission' is incorrect; the term is 'Transfer'; [High Text Transfer Protocol]: 'High' is incorrect; the term is 'Hypertext'; [Hyperlink Transfer Protocol]: 'Hyperlink' is incorrect; the term is 'Hypertext'.

Correct Answer: C. Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• **Deoxyribonucleic Acid** = It is the hereditary material found in humans and almost all other organisms, carrying genetic instructions for development and functioning. • **1953** — James Watson and Francis Crick, with Rosalind Franklin's data, published the double-helix structure of DNA, revolutionizing biology. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Digital Nucleic Acid]: 'Digital' is incorrect; DNA is a biological molecule, not digital; [Deoxyribose Nitrogen Acid]: 'Nitrogen' is not part of the correct full form; [Deoxyribonucleic Atom]: 'Atom' is incorrect; DNA is a complex acid molecule, not a single atom.