Ancient Books — Set 4
Arts & Culture · प्राचीन पुस्तकें · Questions 31–40 of 60
The mathematical work 'Lilavati' was written by?
Correct Answer: B. Bhaskara II
Bhaskara II, also known as Bhaskaracharya, named this famous mathematical treatise after his daughter. It deals with arithmetic and geometry through engaging poetic problems. It is a part of his larger work titled 'Siddhanta Shiromani'.
Who is the author of the epic poem 'Kiratarjuniya'?
Correct Answer: A. Bharavi
Bharavi wrote this Sanskrit Mahakavya about the combat between Arjuna and Lord Shiva disguised as a Kirata (hunter). It is celebrated for its complexity and poetic depth. This work is considered one of the six standard epics of Sanskrit literature.
The 'Dashakumaracharita' (Tales of the Ten Princes) was written by?
Correct Answer: A. Dandin
Dandin was a 7th-century Sanskrit author who wrote this prose romance detailing the adventures of ten young men. It is noted for its vivid descriptions of society, including its darker aspects like crime and gambling. Dandin was also a famous literary critic.
Which ancient Chinese monk wrote 'Fo-Kwo-Ki' (Record of Buddhist Kingdoms) during his visit to India?
Correct Answer: A. Faxian (Fa-Hien)
Faxian visited India during the reign of Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya) in the 5th century. His travelogue provides valuable information about the prosperity and peace of the Gupta Empire. He primarily came to India to collect authentic copies of Buddhist monastic rules (Vinaya).
Who wrote 'Vikramorvashiyam', a play about the love between a mortal king and a celestial nymph?
Correct Answer: D. Kalidasa
Kalidasa based this play on a story from the Rigveda and the Puranas involving King Pururavas and the Urvashi. It is one of his three major dramas and is known for its lyrical beauty. The play explores themes of love, separation, and divine intervention.
The collection of ethical and political aphorisms known as 'Nitishataka' was written by?
Correct Answer: B. Bhartrihari
Bhartrihari was a king and philosopher who wrote three 'Shatakas' or centuries of verses on ethics, love, and renunciation. Nitishataka specifically focuses on wise conduct and social morality. His verses remain highly popular for their concise wisdom and poetic grace.
Who is the author of 'Uttaramacharita', a drama focusing on the later life of Rama?
Correct Answer: B. Bhavabhuti
Bhavabhuti was an 8th-century playwright who wrote this masterpiece known for its emotional depth and treatment of 'Karuna Rasa' (pathos). It covers the exile of Sita and the ultimate reunion of the family. He is often considered the greatest rival to Kalidasa's literary fame.
The 'Manasollasa', an encyclopedic work on medieval Indian life and royalty, was written by King?
Correct Answer: A. Someshvara III
Someshvara III was a Western Chalukya king who authored this vast Sanskrit text covering subjects like governance, music, food, and sports. It is an invaluable source for understanding the courtly culture and daily life of 12th-century India. The work is also called 'Abhilashitartha Chintamani'.
The 'Nagananda' is a Sanskrit play written by which ancient Indian ruler?
Correct Answer: B. Harshavardhana
Harshavardhana wrote Nagananda, which is unique because it blends Hindu mythology with Buddhist themes of self-sacrifice. It tells the story of Prince Jimutavahana who gives his life to save a race of snakes. Harsha's authorship is confirmed by contemporary sources like Banabhatta.
Who wrote 'Pramana-samuccaya', a foundational text of Buddhist logic?
Correct Answer: D. Dignaga
Dignaga is considered the Father of Buddhist Logic and epistemology for this revolutionary work. He established the systematic study of 'Pramana' or the means of valid knowledge. His theories profoundly influenced both Buddhist and non-Buddhist Indian philosophy.