Immunity
Biology · रोग प्रतिरोधक क्षमता · 15 facts
Immunity: body ability to resist infections and diseases
Innate immunity: born with; skin, mucus, stomach acid, WBC
Acquired immunity: develops after infection or vaccination
Active: body produces antibodies(vaccine/infection); long-lasting
Passive: antibodies given from outside(mother to baby, serum); temporary
Antibodies: Y-shaped proteins; specifically neutralize antigens
Vaccine: weakened/dead pathogen; stimulates antibody production
Edward Jenner: smallpox vaccine(1796); Father of Immunology
T-cells and B-cells: types of lymphocytes(WBC) for immunity
Autoimmune disease: immune system attacks own body; e.g. Type 1 diabetes
Allergy: overreaction of immune system to harmless substance(pollen,dust)
First line of defence: skin+mucus; Second: WBC; Third: antibodies
Lymph nodes: filter lymph fluid and trap bacteria and viruses
Colostrum: first breast milk rich in antibodies; gives passive immunity to newborn
Herd immunity: majority of population immune, protecting vulnerable individuals