Nervous System — Set 2
Biology · तंत्रिका तंत्र · Questions 11–20 of 50
Which part of the neuron receives incoming signals from other neurons?
Correct Answer: A. Dendrite
Dendrites are branch-like extensions that act as the primary receptors for the cell. They conduct electrical stimulation toward the cell body. The number of dendrites can vary significantly depending on the neuron type.
The Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of which two major parts?
Correct Answer: D. Brain and Spinal cord
The brain and spinal cord together form the Central Nervous System. This system processes information and coordinates all body activities. It is well-protected by the skull and the vertebral column.
Which part of the brain acts as the thermostat of the body, regulating temperature and hunger?
Correct Answer: B. Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis by linking the nervous system to the endocrine system. It controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sleep cycles. It is located at the base of the brain above the pituitary gland.
An involuntary, sudden response to a stimulus is known as a?
Correct Answer: C. Reflex action
A reflex action is a rapid and automatic response that bypasses the conscious brain. It is usually processed in the spinal cord to protect the body from harm. Examples include pulling your hand away from a hot object.
Which nerve carries visual information from the eye to the brain?
Correct Answer: C. Optic nerve
The optic nerve transmits electrical impulses from the retina to the visual cortex. It is the second cranial nerve pair. The point where the optic nerve leaves the eye is called the blind spot.
Which fluid fills the space between the meninges to cushion the brain against shocks?
Correct Answer: C. Cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provides mechanical and immunological protection to the brain. It also helps in the removal of waste products from the central nervous system. It is continuously produced and absorbed within the brain's ventricles.
The junction between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of the next is the?
Correct Answer: A. Synaptic cleft
The synaptic cleft is the tiny physical space within the synapse. Neurotransmitters diffuse across this gap to bind with receptors on the receiving neuron. This ensures that the message is transmitted accurately.
What is the name of the bridge of nerve fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres?
Correct Answer: D. Corpus Callosum
The corpus callosum is the largest white matter structure in the brain. it allows the left and right sides of the brain to communicate and share information. Without it, the two hemispheres would function independently.
Which division of the nervous system controls involuntary smooth muscles and glands?
Correct Answer: B. Autonomic Nervous System
The autonomic nervous system regulates internal organ functions like digestion and heart rate. It operates mostly unconsciously through two divisions: sympathetic and parasympathetic. It ensures that the body adapts to internal and external changes.
Which cells in the nervous system provide support, nutrition, and protection to neurons?
Correct Answer: A. Glial cells
Glial cells, or neuroglia, are non-neuronal cells that outnumber neurons in the brain. They maintain the environment for neurons to function properly. Unlike neurons, glial cells are capable of cell division.