Plant Classification — Set 4
Biology · पौधों का वर्गीकरण · Questions 31–40 of 40
Which scientist is known as the 'Father of Botany'?
Correct Answer: B. Theophrastus
Theophrastus was a student of Aristotle and wrote the earliest known classification of plants. His works 'Enquiry into Plants' and 'On the Causes of Plants' laid the foundation for botanical science. He categorized plants into trees, shrubs, and herbs.
Which of the following describes the root system of a typical Dicot plant?
Correct Answer: D. Taproot
Dicotyledons usually develop a primary taproot that grows deep into the soil. This main root gives rise to smaller lateral branches called secondary and tertiary roots. In contrast, monocots develop a cluster of similar-sized fibrous roots from the stem base.
What is the study of the classification and naming of organisms called?
Correct Answer: B. Taxonomy
Taxonomy involves the identification, description, and naming of all living things. It organizes biological diversity into hierarchical levels like kingdom, phylum, class, and genus. This science helps in understanding the evolutionary relationships between different groups.
Which division of plants is primarily composed of Algae?
Correct Answer: C. Thallophyta
Thallophyta is the group containing algae, which are autotrophic, oxygen-producing aquatic organisms. They can range from single-celled forms like Chlamydomonas to giant seaweeds. Algae play a crucial role as the base of aquatic food chains.
Plants that produce two cotyledons in their seeds are called?
Correct Answer: B. Dicots
Dicots or dicotyledons are flowering plants that have two seed leaves or cotyledons. They are also characterized by having floral parts in multiples of four or five. Familiar examples include legumes, oaks, and sunflowers.
Which type of plant venation is characteristic of Monocots?
Correct Answer: B. Parallel
Parallel venation is a defining feature of monocot leaves, where the veins run side by side without intersecting much. This pattern is easily seen in grass, bamboo, and lily leaves. It reflects the internal vascular arrangement of the plant.
In which group of plants is the presence of 'Rhizoids' most characteristic?
Correct Answer: B. Bryophytes
Rhizoids are simple hair-like structures used by bryophytes for anchorage to a substrate. They differ from true roots because they lack complex vascular tissues. Rhizoids also help in absorbing moisture and nutrients through capillary action.
Which group of plants has seeds enclosed in a specialized structure called a fruit?
Correct Answer: A. Angiosperms
Angiosperms are the only plants that develop fruits from the ovary wall after fertilization. The fruit serves as a protective covering and a means of dispersal for the seeds. This adaptation has contributed to their massive evolutionary success.
Which division of the plant kingdom includes both evergreens like Pine and deciduous trees?
Correct Answer: A. Gymnosperms
Gymnosperms mainly consist of evergreens like pine, spruce, and fir, which keep their leaves all year. They are characterized by woody stems and the production of seeds in cones. Some gymnosperms like Larch are actually deciduous and lose their needles in winter.
The group of plants that produce seeds but do not have flowers is?
Correct Answer: A. Gymnosperms
Gymnosperms are phanerogams that produce seeds but lack the floral structures found in angiosperms. Their reproductive organs are organized into cones or strobili. They include well-known groups like conifers and cycads.