Vitamins & Minerals — Set 6

Correct Answer: B. Vitamin D

Vitamin D is called the sunshine vitamin because the body makes it from cholesterol when skin is exposed to sunlight. It is essential for bone health as it helps the body absorb calcium. Many people in colder climates may have a deficiency of this vitamin.

Correct Answer: D. Vitamin C

Vitamin C deficiency leads to Scurvy, which causes weakness, gum disease, and skin hemorrhages. This vitamin is found in citrus fruits like oranges and lemons. Historically, it was a common disease among sailors who lacked fresh fruit.

Correct Answer: A. Vitamin A

Vitamin A is vital for maintaining healthy vision, especially in low light conditions. A lack of this vitamin leads to difficulty seeing at night. Carrots and green leafy vegetables are good sources of Vitamin A.

Correct Answer: A. Vitamin C

Vitamin C and the B-complex vitamins are water-soluble, meaning they dissolve in water. They are not stored in the body and need to be consumed daily. Excess amounts of these vitamins are usually excreted through urine.

Correct Answer: B. Iron

Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A lack of iron leads to anemia, causing tiredness and shortness of breath. Red meat and spinach are excellent sources of dietary iron.

Correct Answer: B. Vitamin D

Rickets causes soft and weak bones in children due to a lack of Vitamin D. It results in bone deformities like bowed legs. Regular exposure to sunlight and eating fish can help prevent this condition.

Correct Answer: A. Iodine

Iodine is necessary for the thyroid gland to produce hormones that control growth and metabolism. A deficiency leads to the swelling of the thyroid gland, known as Goitre. Using iodized salt is a common way to prevent this disease.

Correct Answer: B. Vitamin K

Vitamin K is essential for producing the proteins that allow blood to clot. Without it, the body cannot stop bleeding after an injury. It is found in green leafy vegetables and is also made by bacteria in the gut.

Correct Answer: A. Vitamin B1

Vitamin B1, also known as Thiamine, is necessary for energy metabolism and nerve function. Its deficiency leads to Beri-beri, which can affect the heart and circulatory system. Whole grains and nuts are good sources of Thiamine.

Correct Answer: C. Calcium

Calcium is the primary mineral used to build and maintain the structure of bones and teeth. It also plays a role in muscle function and nerve transmission. Milk and dairy products are the most well-known sources of calcium.