Vitamins & Minerals — Set 7
Biology · विटामिन और खनिज · Questions 61–70 of 70
Which mineral is found in table salt?
Correct Answer: C. Sodium
Table salt is chemically known as sodium chloride. Sodium is an important electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance in the body. However, too much sodium can lead to high blood pressure.
Which vitamin is essential for healthy skin and hair, often called Tocopherol?
Correct Answer: A. Vitamin E
Vitamin E, or Tocopherol, acts as an antioxidant that protects cells from damage. It is often used in skincare products for its healing properties. It is found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds.
Pellagra is caused by a deficiency of which B-complex vitamin?
Correct Answer: B. Niacin
Niacin deficiency causes Pellagra, which is characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. This vitamin is important for converting food into energy. It is found in meat, fish, and whole grains.
Fluoride is often added to drinking water to prevent?
Correct Answer: C. Tooth decay
Fluoride helps strengthen tooth enamel and makes it more resistant to acid. This helps prevent dental cavities and tooth decay. It is considered one of the most effective public health measures for dental health.
Which vitamin is primarily found in citrus fruits?
Correct Answer: D. Vitamin C
Citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, and grapefruits are extremely high in Vitamin C. This vitamin is important for growth and the repair of tissues in all parts of the body. It also helps the body make collagen, a key protein in skin.
Deficiency of which mineral leads to brittle bones in the elderly?
Correct Answer: A. Calcium
Calcium is vital for maintaining bone density throughout life. As people age, a lack of calcium can make bones brittle and lead to Osteoporosis. Consuming dairy products and green vegetables helps maintain calcium levels.
Which mineral is essential for the formation of hemoglobin?
Correct Answer: B. Iron
The correct answer is Iron. Iron is a crucial component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Iron deficiency leads to anemia — a condition where the blood cannot carry enough oxygen, causing fatigue and weakness. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
Which vitamin deficiency leads to the condition known as Rickets in children, characterised by soft and deformed bones?
Correct Answer: D. Vitamin D
Rickets is a skeletal disorder in children caused by deficiency of Vitamin D (calciferol), which is essential for calcium and phosphorus absorption in the intestine. Without adequate Vitamin D, bones become soft, weak, and deformed — a condition called Rickets in children and Osteomalacia in adults. Vitamin D is synthesised in the skin on exposure to sunlight (UV rays). It can also be obtained from dietary sources like fatty fish, egg yolk, and fortified milk. Severe Vitamin D deficiency in India is common due to inadequate sunlight exposure and poor dietary intake.
Which vitamin is known as the 'anti-sterility vitamin'?
Correct Answer: B. Vitamin E
Vitamin E (Tocopherol) is called the anti-sterility vitamin because its deficiency can cause reproductive problems. It is also a powerful antioxidant that protects cell membranes. Rich sources include nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils.
Goitre disease is caused by the deficiency of which mineral?
Correct Answer: B. Iodine
Iodine deficiency causes goitre — an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck. Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). Iodized salt was introduced to prevent this condition.