Biodiversity Hotspots — Set 4
Environment · जैव विविधता हॉटस्पॉट · Questions 31–40 of 50
Which of the following is a biodiversity hotspot in India?
Correct Answer: A. Western Ghats
The Western Ghats are a major biodiversity hotspot in India. They are known for a high degree of endemism in flora and fauna. This region runs along the western edge of the Indian peninsula.
The Eastern Himalaya is part of which larger biodiversity hotspot?
Correct Answer: B. Himalaya
The Himalaya hotspot covers the entire mountain range including the Eastern Himalaya. It is home to several rare species like the Red Panda. This region spans across several countries including Nepal and Bhutan.
Which group of islands in India is part of the Sundaland hotspot?
Correct Answer: C. Nicobar Islands
The Nicobar Islands are included in the Sundaland biodiversity hotspot. This hotspot also covers parts of Southeast Asian countries like Indonesia. It is characterized by high marine and terrestrial biodiversity.
In which year did the concept of biodiversity hotspots first appear?
Correct Answer: B. 1988
Norman Myers introduced the concept of biodiversity hotspots in 1988. He identified areas with high concentrations of endemic species. His work aimed to prioritize regions for urgent conservation efforts.
Which region of India is included in the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot?
Correct Answer: C. North-Eastern India
North-Eastern India, excluding the Himalayas, is part of the Indo-Burma hotspot. This area is known for its rich variety of orchids and birds. It is one of the most biologically diverse regions in Asia.
How many criteria must a region meet to be called a biodiversity hotspot?
Correct Answer: B. Two
A region must meet two specific criteria related to endemism and habitat loss. It must have 1,500 endemic vascular plants and have lost 70% of its original vegetation. These rules help identify areas in critical need of protection.
Which hotspot is famous for its 'Fynbos' vegetation in South Africa?
Correct Answer: B. Cape Floristic Region
The Cape Floristic Region is home to the unique fynbos shrubland. It is one of the richest areas for plant diversity in the world. Despite its small size, it supports thousands of endemic plant species.
Which of these is the largest biodiversity hotspot in the world by area?
Correct Answer: A. Tropical Andes
The Tropical Andes is considered the largest and most diverse hotspot. It stretches across several countries in South America including Peru and Colombia. It is home to nearly one-sixth of all plant species on Earth.
Which ocean island nation is considered a major biodiversity hotspot on its own?
Correct Answer: C. Madagascar
Madagascar is recognized as a top priority hotspot due to its extreme isolation. Most of its plants and animals are endemic to the island. Lemurs are the most famous example of its unique biodiversity.
What percentage of the Earth's land surface is covered by biodiversity hotspots?
Correct Answer: A. Around 2.5%
The correct answer is 'Around 2.5%'. Hotspots cover only about 2.5% of the Earth's total land area. However, they support more than half of the world's plant species. Protecting these small areas is crucial for global biodiversity preservation.