Biodiversity Hotspots — Set 5
Environment · जैव विविधता हॉटस्पॉट · Questions 41–50 of 50
Which of the following animals is endemic to the Western Ghats of India?
Correct Answer: B. Lion-tailed Macaque
The Lion-tailed Macaque is an endangered primate found only in the Western Ghats. It is known for its silver-white mane surrounding its face. Its survival depends on the conservation of evergreen rainforests.
Which hotspot spans across Europe, Asia, and Africa around a famous sea?
Correct Answer: A. Mediterranean Basin
The Mediterranean Basin hotspot surrounds the Mediterranean Sea across three continents. It is known for its high level of plant diversity and ancient cultural landscapes. Human activities have significantly altered its original primary vegetation.
The 'Western Ghats and Sri Lanka' hotspot is shared between how many countries?
Correct Answer: B. Two
This hotspot includes the Western Ghats in India and the highlands of Sri Lanka. Both regions have similar climatic conditions and shared evolutionary history. They are both characterized by high rainfall and tropical forests.
Which organization manages the funding for many projects in biodiversity hotspots?
Correct Answer: A. Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) provides grants for conservation in hotspots. It is a joint initiative of several global organizations including the World Bank. The fund supports civil society efforts to protect vital ecosystems.
Which region is known for the 'Mountains of Southwest China' hotspot?
Correct Answer: A. Sichuan and Yunnan
The correct answer is 'Sichuan and Yunnan'. This hotspot in China is a major temperate ecosystem with high species richness. It is the primary habitat for the world-famous Giant Panda. The rugged terrain has helped protect its biodiversity from large-scale development.
Which hotspot is located at the southern tip of the African continent?
Correct Answer: B. Cape Floristic Region
The Cape Floristic Region is situated in the Western Cape of South Africa. It is one of the six floral kingdoms of the world despite being small. It is famous for its spectacular wildflowers and fynbos.
Which Indian biodiversity hotspot is located near the border with Myanmar?
Correct Answer: C. Indo-Burma
The Indo-Burma hotspot includes the North-Eastern states that border Myanmar. It is a region with high bird diversity and many rare mammal species. It faces threats from shifting cultivation and infrastructure growth.
The 'California Floristic Province' is a biodiversity hotspot located in which country?
Correct Answer: B. USA
This hotspot is located primarily in the state of California in the United States. it is known for its giant sequoia and redwood trees. The region has a Mediterranean-like climate with high plant endemism.
Which type of plant species is required to be 'Endemic' to define a hotspot?
Correct Answer: B. Vascular Plants
Hotspots are defined specifically by the number of endemic vascular plants they possess. These plants have specialized tissues for conducting water and minerals. They are used as a proxy for the overall diversity of the region.
Which part of the Himalayan range is considered most biologically diverse?
Correct Answer: B. Eastern Himalayas
The Eastern Himalayas receive higher rainfall, which supports denser forests and more species. They are home to many unique rhododendrons and orchids. This area is a critical part of the global Himalaya hotspot.