Nicknames & Titles — Set 4

Correct Answer: C. Ilaiyaraaja

• **Ilaiyaraaja** = He is a legendary Indian composer widely known as 'Isai Gnani' or 'Maestro'. • **7,000 songs** — He has composed over this many songs in various languages, showcasing his prolific career. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: A.R. Rahman: Known as the 'Mozart of Madras', not 'Isai Gnani'; R.D. Burman: A legendary Bollywood composer, known as 'Pancham Da'; M.S. Subbulakshmi: A Carnatic vocalist, known as 'Nightingale of India' in classical music.

Correct Answer: D. Bal Gangadhar Tilak

• **Bal Gangadhar Tilak** = He was given the title 'Father of Indian Unrest' by British author Valentine Chirol. • **'Swaraj is my birthright'** — This famous declaration by Tilak highlighted his call for self-rule and challenged British authority. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Lala Lajpat Rai: Known as 'Punjab Kesari'; Aurobindo Ghosh: A philosopher, yogi, guru, poet, and Indian nationalist who joined the independence movement; Bipin Chandra Pal: One of the 'Lal-Bal-Pal' trio, an Indian nationalist.

Correct Answer: C. Lata Mangeshkar

• **Lata Mangeshkar** = She earned the title 'Queen of Melody' for her soulful and versatile playback singing spanning seven decades. • **2001** — She was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor, in this year. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Asha Bhosle: A versatile singer and sister of Lata Mangeshkar; K.S. Chithra: A renowned South Indian playback singer; Shreya Ghoshal: A popular contemporary playback singer.

Correct Answer: D. Nanibala Devi

• **Nanibala Devi** = She is known as the 'Grandmother of the Indian Revolutionary Movement' for her courageous support to revolutionaries. • **First woman** — She was the first woman to be arrested as a 'State Prisoner' in India for her involvement in revolutionary activities. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Annie Besant: An Irish socialist and advocate for Indian self-rule, founded the Home Rule League; Madam Cama: An ardent nationalist who unfurled the first Indian flag abroad; Matangini Hazra: A Gandhian activist, known as 'Gandhi Buri'.

Correct Answer: C. Abraham Lincoln

• **Abraham Lincoln** = He earned the title 'The Great Emancipator' for issuing the Emancipation Proclamation during the American Civil War. • **Emancipation Proclamation** — This presidential proclamation issued in **1863** declared that all enslaved people in Confederate states were free. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: George Washington: The first US President; Theodore Roosevelt: Known for the Panama Canal and 'Rough Riders'; Franklin D. Roosevelt: President during the Great Depression and World War II, known for the New Deal.

Correct Answer: D. Samudragupta

• **Samudragupta** = He was called 'The Napoleon of India' by historian V.A. Smith due to his extensive military conquests. • **Gupta dynasty** — He was a powerful ruler of this dynasty who expanded his empire across most of the Indian subcontinent. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Ashoka: Mauryan emperor known for spreading Buddhism; Akbar: A great Mughal emperor known for his administrative reforms and religious tolerance; Chandragupta Maurya: Founder of the Mauryan Empire.

Correct Answer: C. Vikram Sarabhai

• **Vikram Sarabhai** = He is known as the 'Father of Indian Space Program' for his pivotal role in establishing ISRO. • **ISRO** — He was instrumental in the establishment of this organization, India's premier space agency, in **1969**. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Satish Dhawan: Former Chairman of ISRO, known for his contributions to space education and research; A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: Known as 'The Missile Man of India'; U.R. Rao: Former ISRO Chairman, pioneer of India's satellite program.

Correct Answer: D. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

• **A.P.J. Abdul Kalam** = He earned the nickname 'The Missile Man of India' for his significant contribution to the development of indigenous missile technology. • **11th President** — He served as the **11th President** of India from 2002 to 2007, often called the 'People's President'. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Homi Bhabha: Known as the 'Father of the Indian Nuclear Program'; K. Sivan: Former Chairman of ISRO; Vikram Sarabhai: Known as the 'Father of Indian Space Program'.

Correct Answer: C. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

• **Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar** = He is known as 'Vidhwa Vivah Pravartak' for his tireless advocacy for widow remarriage. • **1856** — He was the main force behind the passing of the Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act in this year. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Raja Ram Mohan Roy: Known for abolition of Sati and Brahmo Samaj; Jyotiba Phule: Pioneer of women's education and social reform in Maharashtra; Mahadev Govind Ranade: A social reformer and one of the founding members of the Indian National Congress.

Correct Answer: A. B.R. Ambedkar

• **B.R. Ambedkar** = He is respectfully called 'Babasaheb' by his followers and is the chief architect of the Indian Constitution. • **First Law and Justice Minister** — He served as India's **first Law and Justice Minister**, championing Dalit rights and social equality. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Jyotiba Phule: A prominent social reformer from Maharashtra, also called 'Mahatma'; Periyar E.V. Ramasamy: A social activist who started the Self-Respect Movement; K. Kamaraj: A former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, known for his simplicity.