Scientific Minds — Set 5
Famous People · वैज्ञानिक दिमाग · Questions 41–50 of 50
Who invented the first commercially successful incandescent light bulb?
Correct Answer: B. Thomas Edison
Thomas Edison created a long-lasting electric light bulb after testing thousands of materials for the filament. He also built the first power grid to bring electricity to homes. He held more than a thousand patents for various inventions.
Which scientist developed the 'Laws of Planetary Motion'?
Correct Answer: A. Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler described the elliptical orbits of planets around the Sun. His three laws provided a mathematical foundation for celestial mechanics. He also contributed significantly to the study of optics and the invention of the telescope.
Who discovered the structure of the DNA double helix along with Francis Crick?
Correct Answer: A. James Watson
James Watson and Francis Crick modeled the 3D structure of DNA in 1953. This discovery explained how genetic information is stored and copied in living organisms. They were awarded the Nobel Prize for this groundbreaking work in 1962.
Who is known as the 'Father of Modern Physics' and used the telescope to prove the heliocentric model?
Correct Answer: B. Galileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei made landmark observations of the moons of Jupiter and the phases of Venus. He insisted that the universe should be understood through mathematics and observation. He faced significant opposition for challenging the Earth-centered view of the cosmos.
Who invented the steam engine that triggered the Industrial Revolution?
Correct Answer: B. James Watt
James Watt improved the efficiency of previous steam engine designs by adding a separate condenser. This made the engine powerful enough to drive machinery in factories. The unit of power, the 'watt', is named in his honor.
Who is the inventor of the wireless telegraphy system that led to the development of radio?
Correct Answer: B. Guglielmo Marconi
Guglielmo Marconi successfully sent the first transatlantic radio signal in 1901. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1909 for his contributions to wireless communication. His work pioneered the age of global telecommunications.
Who is the polymath who designed the first flying machines and the parachute in his notebooks?
Correct Answer: A. Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci was an artist, engineer, and scientist of the Italian Renaissance. His sketches showed concepts for helicopters, tanks, and automated machines centuries before they were built. He is considered the epitome of a 'Renaissance Man'.
Who discovered the process of pasteurization to prevent spoilage in food and beverages?
Correct Answer: B. Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur proved that microorganisms cause fermentation and diseases. He developed vaccines for rabies and anthrax through his research. His work on germ theory laid the foundation for modern medicine and hygiene.
Who is the 'Father of the Modern Periodic Table' who arranged elements by their atomic weights?
Correct Answer: B. Dmitri Mendeleev
Dmitri Mendeleev published the first widely recognized periodic table in 1869. He left gaps for elements that had not yet been discovered and predicted their properties accurately. This table remains a central tool in the study of chemistry.
Which Indian physicist is known for discovering the 'Raman Effect' and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930?
Correct Answer: A. C.V. Raman
The correct answer is C.V. Raman. Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his discovery of the Raman Effect — the inelastic scattering of photons by matter. He was the first Asian and first non-white person to win a Nobel Prize in science. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.