Landforms — Set 3
Geography · भू-आकृतियां · Questions 21–30 of 40
What is the primary agent responsible for the formation of V-shaped valleys?
Correct Answer: D. River (Running Water)
V-shaped valleys are formed by the vertical erosion caused by fast-flowing rivers in mountain areas. As the river cuts downward, weathering and gravity pull material from the sides to create the V-shape. This is a classic feature of the youthful stage of a river.
Which of the following is a depositional landform created by a river?
Correct Answer: D. Alluvial Fan
Alluvial fans are fan-shaped deposits of sediment formed where a stream leaves a steep mountain canyon and enters a flat plain. The sudden drop in velocity causes the river to drop its load. They are most commonly seen at the base of mountain ranges in arid regions.
The term 'Loess' refers to fertile, fine-grained soil deposited by?
Correct Answer: D. Wind
Loess is a wind-blown silt that has been deposited over vast areas, often creating very fertile agricultural land. Significant loess deposits are found in China and the central United States. These deposits can be several hundred meters thick in some places.
Which of the following is NOT an erosional landform created by glaciers?
Correct Answer: B. Drumlin
A drumlin is an elongated, teardrop-shaped hill formed by glacial deposition, not erosion. It consists of glacial till and points in the direction of ice movement. The other three options (cirque, arete, and hanging valley) are all formed by the removal of rock by moving ice.
What is the term for a coastal body of water that is partially cut off from the ocean by a sandbar or coral reef?
Correct Answer: C. Lagoon
A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by barrier islands or reefs. They are common along many coastlines and in atolls. Lagoons are typically protected from high waves and ocean currents.
The 'Old Stage' of a river is most commonly associated with which feature?
Correct Answer: D. Ox-bow Lake
Ox-bow lakes are formed in the old or mature stage of a river when a meander loop is cut off from the main channel. The river takes a shorter, straighter path, leaving the curved loop behind. These lakes eventually dry up or fill with silt over time.
Which of the following is a characteristic landform of Karst topography?
Correct Answer: B. Stalactite
Stalactites are iconic features of Karst topography, which is formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone. They are mineral formations hanging from the ceilings of caves. Karst regions are often marked by a lack of surface drainage due to underground channels.
A 'Gorge' is a very deep and narrow valley, which is a feature of?
Correct Answer: B. River erosion
A gorge is a narrow valley with steep, rocky walls located between hills or mountains, formed by river erosion. It is similar to a canyon but usually smaller and steeper. Gorges often occur where a river cuts through a hard rock layer.
Which agent of erosion creates landforms such as Yardangs and Ventifacts?
Correct Answer: B. Wind
Yardangs and ventifacts are both landforms sculpted by wind erosion (abrasion) in desert environments. Yardangs are elongated ridges, while ventifacts are rocks with smooth, flat faces cut by wind-driven sand. They indicate the direction of prevailing winds.
What is the name of the feature formed by the joining of two or more alluvial fans?
Correct Answer: D. Bajada
A bajada is a broad slope of alluvial debris at the foot of a mountain range, formed by the coalescing of multiple alluvial fans. They are typical of dry climates where flash floods transport sediment. The surface of a bajada is usually undulating or wavy.