Livelihood & Employment
Government Schemes · आजीविका और रोजगार · 18 facts
MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act): Passed 2005; guarantees 100 days wage employment; average wage Rs 267/day (2023); world's largest social protection scheme
MGNREGA works: Creates durable assets — ponds, check dams, roads, wells, canals, land leveling; at least 60% wage component; 100% centrally funded wages
PM Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY): Government pays employer's EPF contribution (12%) for 3 years for new employees with salary up to Rs 15,000; incentivises hiring
NRLM/DAY-NULM (Deendayal Antyodaya): Forms women Self-Help Groups (SHGs); 9 crore women in 83 lakh SHGs; Rs 15 lakh revolving fund + Rs 25 lakh capital subsidy per cluster
DDUGKY (Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana): Skill training for rural youth (15-35 years); placement-linked; Rs 25,696 average training cost; 1.4 crore trained
PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY 4.0): Short-term skill training; free certification; Rs 8000 reward on completion; 40 lakh youth targeted for 2022-26; 300+ job roles
Start-Up India: Launched January 16, 2016; tax exemption for 3 years; easier compliance; Rs 10,000 crore Fund of Funds; 1.25 lakh DPIIT-recognised startups (2024)
e-Shram Portal: National database of unorganised workers; 30 crore+ registrations; Rs 2 lakh accident insurance via PMSBY; ESIC benefits; portability of benefits
PM Vishwakarma Yojana (2023): For 18 traditional crafts (blacksmiths, carpenters, weavers etc); Rs 15,000 toolkit; Rs 1 lakh credit at 5% then Rs 2 lakh; skill training Rs 500/day stipend
National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS): 25% stipend reimbursement (max Rs 1500/month) to employers; 5 lakh apprenticeships/year target; MSDE managed
National Career Service (NCS) Portal: Employment exchange portal; 1 crore+ job seekers; 1.5 lakh+ vacancies; career counselling; linked to 800+ employment exchanges
EPFO (Employees Provident Fund Organisation): Mandatory savings for organised sector employees; 12% employee + 12% employer contribution; 6.7 crore active subscribers; Rs 19 lakh crore corpus
ESI (Employees State Insurance): Medical and cash benefits to workers earning up to Rs 21,000/month; 3.67 crore insured employees; 159 hospitals, 1400+ dispensaries run by ESIC
PM Gatishakti Vishwakarma: Rs 13,000 crore scheme for artisans and craftsmen; informal workers formalized; digital payments incentive; 18 traditional trades covered
Labour Codes 2020: 44 central labour laws consolidated into 4 codes — Code on Wages, Industrial Relations Code, Social Security Code, Occupational Safety Code; pending full implementation
SVANIDHI Mahotsav: Quarterly events at PM SVANidhi empanelled vendors; cultural programs, credit fairs; 50 lakh+ street vendors formalized under scheme since 2020
Rozgar Mela: PM personally distributes appointment letters to government recruits; 10 lakh vacancies filled by 2023 target; transparent, time-bound government recruitment
PLI (Production Linked Incentive): Rs 1.97 lakh crore for 14 sectors; creates 60 lakh+ jobs; attracts global companies to manufacture in India; electronics, pharma, textiles, food processing