Computer Pioneers — Set 4
Inventions · कंप्यूटर अग्रदूत · Questions 31–40 of 50
Who is credited with creating the first mechanical computer, the 'Analytical Engine'?
Correct Answer: D. Charles Babbage
Charles Babbage conceived the Analytical Engine as a general-purpose programmable machine. It included components like a 'mill' (CPU) and a 'store' (memory). His visionary designs were far ahead of the engineering capabilities of the 1800s.
Which computer pioneer developed the concept of the 'Universal Turing Machine'?
Correct Answer: A. Alan Turing
Alan Turing's theoretical machine could simulate any other computing machine by following a set of instructions. This idea proved that a single machine could be programmed to perform a variety of tasks. It is the fundamental principle behind all modern programmable computers.
Who founded the 'GNU Project' to promote free and open-source software?
Correct Answer: A. Richard Stallman
Richard Stallman wanted to ensure that users have the freedom to study, share, and modify software. He created the Free Software Foundation to support these ethical principles. His work led to the creation of many essential open-source tools used today.
Who is known for inventing the COBOL programming language for business applications?
Correct Answer: B. Grace Hopper
Grace Hopper believed that computer code should be written in a language that looks like English. She was a key figure in the committee that designed COBOL in 1959. COBOL is still used today by many banking and government systems.
Who invented the first electronic computer for solving linear equations, the ABC computer?
Correct Answer: D. John Atanasoff
John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry built the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) in the late 1930s. It was the first machine to use vacuum tubes and binary arithmetic for calculations. A court later ruled that he was the true inventor of the electronic digital computer.
Who is the pioneer behind the invention of the Java programming language?
Correct Answer: B. James Gosling
James Gosling developed Java at Sun Microsystems with the goal of 'Write Once, Run Anywhere'. Its ability to run on any device with a virtual machine made it ideal for the early internet. Today, it is one of the most widely used languages for Android apps and corporate software.
Which pioneer developed the first operating system for the IBM PC, known as PC-DOS?
Correct Answer: A. Bill Gates
Bill Gates and Microsoft licensed a system called QDOS and refined it for IBM in 1981. This deal allowed Microsoft to keep the rights to sell the software to other manufacturers. It was the crucial turning point that led to Microsoft's global dominance.
Who is the inventor of the first high-level language, Plankalkül, in the 1940s?
Correct Answer: D. Konrad Zuse
Konrad Zuse was a German engineer who also built the Z3, the world's first working programmable computer. Plankalkül was designed for engineering purposes but was not published until much later. His work remained isolated from the developments in the US and UK during the war.
Who is considered the 'Father of the World Wide Web'?
Correct Answer: C. Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee wrote the first web client and server in 1990 while at CERN. He invented the system of URLs to give every document on the web a unique address. He remains an active leader in protecting the open nature of the web today.
Who invented the first punch card tabulating machine used for the 1890 US Census?
Correct Answer: A. Herman Hollerith
Herman Hollerith's machine used electrical sensing to count data recorded on punch cards. His company eventually merged with others to become IBM (International Business Machines). This invention drastically reduced the time needed to process census data from years to months.