Artificial Intelligence — Set 3
Technology · कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता · Questions 21–30 of 40
Who is generally regarded as the 'Father of Artificial Intelligence'?
Correct Answer: A. John McCarthy
• **John McCarthy** = coined term 'Artificial Intelligence' in 1955, establishing AI as formal academic discipline. • **Founding contributions** — organized 1956 Dartmouth Conference, developed Lisp programming language for AI research. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: B (Bill Gates): co-founder of Microsoft, focused on software business, not AI theory; C (Steve Jobs): Apple founder, hardware/design focus, not AI pioneer; D (Elon Musk): entrepreneur in electric vehicles/space, contemporary voice on AI not founder.
Which year is associated with the Dartmouth Conference, the birthplace of AI as a field?
Correct Answer: D. 1956
• **Dartmouth Conference 1956** = summer research project officially launching AI as distinct academic discipline. • **Foundational gathering** — brought together AI pioneers to discuss creating intelligent machines, established field objectives. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: A (1945): post-WWII computing era, before formal AI definition; B (1980): AI winter period with reduced funding; C (1969): later landmark for AI funding crisis, not field's beginning.
What does the abbreviation 'AI' stand for?
Correct Answer: C. Artificial Intelligence
• **Artificial Intelligence (AI)** = computational simulation of human cognitive processes including learning, reasoning, problem-solving. • **Machine thinking capability** — aims to create systems performing complex tasks normally requiring human intellect and judgment. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: A (Automatic Information): data automation, not cognitive simulation; B (Advanced Integration): system connectivity, not intelligence; D (Applied Internet): web technology, not simulated cognition.
Which of these is the most common application of AI in smartphones?
Correct Answer: A. Voice-activated assistants
• **Voice assistants** = AI systems (Siri, Google Assistant) recognizing speech input and executing natural language commands. • **NLP-enabled interaction** — uses Natural Language Processing to understand user intent and respond conversationally. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: B (Battery size): hardware enlargement, not AI application; C (Screen glass): display material change, no intelligence; D (Processor cooling): thermal management, mechanical function, not AI.
What is 'Machine Learning' in simple terms?
Correct Answer: D. Computers improving their performance through experience
• **Machine learning** = computer algorithms automatically improving performance by learning patterns from data. • **Experience-based refinement** — systems adapt without explicit programming by analyzing examples and adjusting parameters. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: A (Physical repair): mechanical maintenance, not algorithmic learning; B (Network connection): IT infrastructure, not learning capability; C (Manual coding): explicit programming, opposite of machine learning automation.
Which iconic AI system defeated world chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997?
Correct Answer: C. Deep Blue
• **Deep Blue** = IBM-developed chess computer defeating world champion Garry Kasparov in official 1997 tournament match. • **Computational chess mastery** — demonstrated computational logic's power through systematic move evaluation and game tree analysis. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: A (AlphaGo): defeated Go champion 2016, different game/year; B (Watson): IBM's Jeopardy-playing AI, not chess; D (Siri): voice assistant, not chess specialist.
What is the primary function of a 'Chatbot'?
Correct Answer: D. Simulating human conversation
• **Chatbots** = AI programs simulating human conversation via text or voice for user interaction and support. • **Conversational capability** — processes natural language to understand intent, retrieve information, and generate contextual responses. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: A (Fixing hardware): physical repair task, not dialogue; B (Internet access): connectivity function, unrelated to conversation; C (Math only): limited computation, not conversational interaction.
Which term describes AI that can only perform specific tasks?
Correct Answer: A. Weak AI
• **Weak AI (Narrow AI)** = AI systems designed and trained for specific limited tasks with defined scope. • **Single-domain specialization** — excels at one task (image recognition, language translation) but cannot transfer skills to other domains. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: B (Strong AI): general intelligence across any task, not narrow; C (Creative AI): artistic generation, separate from task specificity; D (Conscious AI): philosophical concept, not technical classification.
Which company developed the AI 'AlphaGo' which defeated a world champion in the game of Go?
Correct Answer: D. Google DeepMind
• **AlphaGo** = Google DeepMind-developed AI defeating Go world champion, demonstrating deep neural networks' capability. • **Go game mastery** — game's complexity (more positions than chess) made victory significant for AI advancement in strategic reasoning. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: A (Microsoft): develops Cortana/Azure AI, not AlphaGo; B (Facebook): develops AI tools, not game-playing systems; C (Apple): develops Siri and device AI, not research systems.
What is 'Data' in the context of Artificial Intelligence?
Correct Answer: B. The information used to train and test models
• **Data** = raw informational material (text, images, numbers, audio) used to train and evaluate AI models. • **Foundation for learning** — quality and quantity of data determine AI model accuracy, performance, and generalization capability. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: A (Computer screen): display hardware, not information; C (Server electricity): power supply, not training material; D (Keyboard plastic): hardware component, physical material unrelated to data.