Cloze Test — Set 14
Questions 131–140 of 160
The architectural paradigm _____ (A) postmodernism _____ (B) established principles _____ (C) symmetry and function. Deconstructivism _____ (D) conventional aesthetics. Architects _____ (E) fragmented, unconventional designs. Blank A:
Correct Answer: A. of
'Of' indicates the paradigm—'paradigm of postmodernism'. We discuss design 'paradigm of' movements. 'In', 'by', and 'with' are incorrect. 'Of' is architecturally standard.
Postmodernism rejected _____ (B) architectural principles of symmetry and rational function. Blank B:
Correct Answer: A. established
'Established' means conventionally accepted, describing principles being rejected. 'New', 'innovative', and 'experimental' suggest forward-thinking. Established correctly identifies what postmodernism opposed.
Principles _____ (C) symmetry and function dominated modernist architecture for decades. Blank C:
Correct Answer: A. of
'Of' indicates possession—'principles of'. We list values and characteristics 'of' design movements. 'For', 'in', and 'on' are incorrect. 'Of' correctly relates principles to modernism.
Deconstructivism actively _____ (D) conventional architectural aesthetics and logic. Blank D:
Correct Answer: B. challenges
'Challenges' is present singular. The passage describes a movement that continues to challenge aesthetic norms. 'Challenged' is past, 'challenging' is gerund, and 'challenge' is plural. Present 'challenges' fits ongoing architectural influence.
Architects explored _____ (E) fragmented and unconventional designs. Blank E:
Correct Answer: A. radical
'Radical' means extreme and revolutionary, matching deconstructivist designs challenging convention. 'Traditional', 'conservative', and 'classic' contradict unconventional exploration. Radical emphasizes the revolutionary nature.
The linguistic theory _____ (A) syntax _____ (B) that language structure _____ (C) by universal grammatical principles. Chomsky _____ (D) that humans possess innate _____ (E) for language acquisition. Blank A:
Correct Answer: A. of
'Of' indicates the theory—'theory of syntax'. We discuss linguistic 'theory of' language systems. 'In', 'by', and 'with' are incorrect. 'Of' is linguistically standard.
Syntax theory proposes _____ (B) language structure follows universal grammatical principles. Blank B:
Correct Answer: A. that
'That' introduces the theoretical claim. 'Which' begins relative clauses, 'what' is interrogative, and 'whether' suggests options. 'That' correctly introduces the linguistic principle.
Language structure _____ (C) determined by universal principles rather than cultural factors alone. Blank C:
Correct Answer: A. is
'Is' is present singular passive for 'structure' (singular). Present shows theoretical position. 'Are' is plural, 'was' is past, and 'being' is incomplete. 'Is' correctly expresses the linguistic principle.
Chomsky argued _____ (D) humans possess innate linguistic capacity. Blank D:
Correct Answer: A. that
'That' introduces Chomsky's theoretical argument. 'Which' begins relative clauses, 'what' is interrogative, and 'whether' suggests options. 'That' correctly introduces the linguistic hypothesis.
Humans possess _____ (E) capacity for acquiring and understanding language instinctively. Blank E:
Correct Answer: A. innate
'Innate' means inborn and instinctive, matching Chomsky's universal grammar theory. 'Acquired', 'learned', and 'developed' suggest later acquisition. Innate correctly describes genetically-encoded language ability.