Computer Terms — Set 1

Correct Answer: C. Basic Input Output System

• **Basic Input Output System** = BIOS is a firmware that initializes hardware during the booting process. • **1981** — IBM introduced BIOS for its first personal computer. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Binary Input Operating System: Incorrect, 'Basic' not 'Binary', 'Output' not 'Operating'; Basic Internal Output Service: Incorrect, 'Input' not 'Internal', 'System' not 'Service'; Binary Integrated Output System: Incorrect, 'Basic' not 'Binary', 'Input' not 'Integrated'.

Correct Answer: C. Local Area Network

• **Local Area Network** = LAN connects computers within a small geographical area like a home or office. • **1973** — Ethernet, a key LAN technology, was invented at Xerox PARC. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Link Access Network: Incorrect, 'Local' not 'Link'; Large Area Node: Incorrect, 'Local' not 'Large', 'Network' not 'Node'; Logical Access Node: Incorrect, 'Local' not 'Logical', 'Network' not 'Node'.

Correct Answer: A. Portable Document Format

• **Portable Document Format** = PDF preserves the layout of a document across different devices. • **1993** — Adobe created the PDF specification to ensure consistent document viewing. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Portable Digital File: Incorrect, 'Document' not 'Digital', 'Format' not 'File'; Printable Document Format: Incorrect, 'Portable' not 'Printable'; Personal Data File: Incorrect, 'Portable Document' not 'Personal Data'.

Correct Answer: C. Graphical User Interface

• **Graphical User Interface** = GUI allows users to interact with devices through visual icons and menus. • **1970s** — The first GUI was developed at Xerox PARC, later popularized by systems like Apple Macintosh. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Global User Interface: Incorrect, 'Graphical' not 'Global'; Graphical Utility Information: Incorrect, 'User Interface' not 'Utility Information'; General User Integration: Incorrect, 'Graphical User Interface' not 'General User Integration'.

Correct Answer: B. Hypertext Transfer Protocol

• **Hypertext Transfer Protocol** = HTTP serves as the foundation for data communication on the World Wide Web. • **1989** — Tim Berners-Lee developed HTTP, which defines how web messages are formatted and transmitted. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: High Tech Transfer Process: Incorrect, 'Hypertext' not 'High Tech', 'Protocol' not 'Process'; Hyperlink Technical Transfer Protocol: Incorrect, 'Hypertext' not 'Hyperlink Technical'; Hyperlink Text Transfer Protocol: Incorrect, 'Hypertext' not 'Hyperlink Text'.

Correct Answer: C. Random Access Memory

• **Random Access Memory** = RAM acts as the short-term volatile memory of a computer. • **1968** — The first Dynamic RAM (DRAM) was invented by Robert Dennard at IBM. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Reliable Active Memory: Incorrect, 'Random' not 'Reliable', 'Access' not 'Active'; Rapid Access Module: Incorrect, 'Random' not 'Rapid', 'Memory' not 'Module'; Read Access Memory: Incorrect, 'Random' not 'Read'.

Correct Answer: A. Uniform Resource Locator

• **Uniform Resource Locator** = URL acts as the specific address of a resource on the internet. • **early 1990s** — Tim Berners-Lee is credited with defining the structure of URLs. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Universal Remote Link: Incorrect, 'Uniform' not 'Universal', 'Resource' not 'Remote', 'Locator' not 'Link'; Unique Resource Locator: Incorrect, 'Uniform' not 'Unique'; Uniform Record Locator: Incorrect, 'Resource' not 'Record'.

Correct Answer: A. Video Graphics Array

• **Video Graphics Array** = VGA was a standard for display interfaces introduced by IBM. • **15-pin** — VGA connectors typically use 15 pins to carry analog video signals. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Video General Array: Incorrect, 'Graphics' not 'General'; Virtual Graphics Adapter: Incorrect, 'Video' not 'Virtual', 'Array' not 'Adapter'; Visual Graphic Adapter: Incorrect, 'Video' not 'Visual', 'Array' not 'Adapter'.

Correct Answer: C. Structured Query Language

• **Structured Query Language** = SQL is used to communicate with and manipulate relational databases. • **late 1980s** — SQL has been a standard in the industry since this period. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: System Query Logic: Incorrect, 'Structured' not 'System', 'Language' not 'Logic'; Sequential Query Language: Incorrect, 'Structured' not 'Sequential'; Standard Query Language: Incorrect, 'Structured' not 'Standard'.

Correct Answer: D. Internet Service Provider

• **Internet Service Provider** = ISP is the company that provides individuals and organizations with access to the internet. • **1990s** — Commercial ISPs began to emerge, offering internet access to the public. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Internet Storage Portal: Incorrect, 'Service Provider' not 'Storage Portal'; Integrated System Protocol: Incorrect, 'Internet Service Provider' not 'Integrated System Protocol'; Internal Service Process: Incorrect, 'Internet Service Provider' not 'Internal Service Process'.