Computer Terms — Set 5

Correct Answer: C. Modulator-Demodulator

• **Modulator-Demodulator** = Modem stands for Modulator-Demodulator and is a device that converts digital data into analog signals for transmission. • **Analog signals** — a modem converts digital data into these for transmission over phone lines or cables. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Model-Demonstration]: 'Modulator-Demodulator' is the correct full form; [Movement-Demand]: 'Modulator-Demodulator' is the correct full form; [Module-Demodule]: 'Modulator-Demodulator' is the correct full form.

Correct Answer: B. Integrated Circuit

• **Integrated Circuit** = IC stands for Integrated Circuit and is a small semiconductor wafer which can function as an amplifier, oscillator, timer, microprocessor, or computer memory. • **Thousands or millions** — an IC contains this many tiny resistors, capacitors, and transistors on a single chip. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Intelligent Chip]: 'Integrated Circuit' is the correct full form; [Internal Circuit]: 'Integrated' is the correct 'I'; [Information Code]: 'Integrated Circuit' is the correct full form.

Correct Answer: A. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

• **Simple Mail Transfer Protocol** = SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol and is the standard protocol used for sending emails across the internet. • **POP3 or IMAP** — these are other email protocols used by recipients to download mail, while SMTP focuses on sending. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Standard Message Transfer Process]: 'Simple Mail Transfer Protocol' is the correct full form; [Secure Mail Transmission Process]: 'Simple Mail Transfer Protocol' is the correct full form; [System Mail Technical Protocol]: 'Simple Mail Transfer Protocol' is the correct full form.

Correct Answer: D. Uninterruptible Power Supply

• **Uninterruptible Power Supply** = UPS stands for Uninterruptible Power Supply and provides a battery backup when the electrical power fails. • **Battery backup** — an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) provides this when electrical power fails, protecting hardware. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Universal Power Service]: 'Uninterruptible Power Supply' is the correct full form; [Unitary Power Supply]: 'Uninterruptible' is the correct 'U'; [Utility Power System]: 'Uninterruptible Power Supply' is the correct full form.

Correct Answer: D. Hypertext Preprocessor

• **Hypertext Preprocessor** = PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor and is a popular general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited to web development. • **1994** — PHP was originally created in this year and was known as Personal Home Page. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Private Home Page]: While an early name was 'Personal Home Page', 'Private' is incorrect; [Professional Hypertext Process]: 'Preprocessor' is the correct 'P'; [Personal Home Processor]: 'Hypertext Preprocessor' is the current official full form.

Correct Answer: C. Operating System

• **Operating System** = It is the system software that manages computer hardware and software resources. • **Linux, Windows, and macOS** — These are some of the most widely used operating systems. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Optical Storage]: This is a type of storage (like CD/DVD) and not the abbreviation OS; [Open Software]: While 'open source' is a concept, this is not what OS stands for; [Operational System]: This is an incorrect expansion of the acronym.

Correct Answer: D. Application Programming Interface

• **Application Programming Interface** = It is a set of definitions and protocols for building and integrating application software. • **Different software programs** — An API allows them to communicate with each other effectively. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Application Protocol Interface]: The correct term is 'Programming', not 'Protocol'; [Advanced Programming Interface]: The correct first word is 'Application', not 'Advanced'; [Automated Process Integration]: This is not the recognized full form of API.

Correct Answer: C. Domain Name System

• **Domain Name System** = It translates human-friendly domain names into numerical IP addresses, acting as the internet's phonebook. • **Numerical IP addresses** — DNS translates human-friendly domain names into these addresses, making websites accessible without memorizing numbers. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Direct Network Server]: This is an incorrect expansion; [Digital Name Service]: The correct term is 'Domain', not 'Digital', and 'System', not 'Service'; [Data Network System]: This is an incorrect expansion.

Correct Answer: B. Joint Photographic Experts Group

• **Joint Photographic Experts Group** = It is a popular image file format that uses lossy compression, widely used for digital photos. • **Lossy compression** — This technique is used by JPEG to reduce file size, which can be adjusted to balance size and image quality. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Joint Photo Encoding Group]: The correct word is 'Photographic' and 'Experts', not 'Photo Encoding'; [Junior Photographic Experts Group]: The correct word is 'Joint', not 'Junior'; [Joint Photo Electronic Group]: This is an incorrect expansion of the acronym.

Correct Answer: B. Random Access Memory

• **Random Access Memory** = It is the primary memory used by a computer to store data that is being actively used. • **Volatile** — RAM is volatile, meaning it loses all stored information when the power is turned off. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: [Rapid Access Memory]: The correct term is 'Random', not 'Rapid'; [Remote Access Memory]: The correct first word is 'Random', not 'Remote'; [Read Access Memory]: The correct first word is 'Random', not 'Read'.